Biraja Temple, Jajpur, Odisha
Located about 125 km north of Odisha’s capital, Bhubaneshwar, in the town of Jajpur, the Biraja Temple is dedicated to Goddess Biraja. While the exact date of the temple’s establishment remains uncertain, the present temple structure was built during the 13th century. However, the site’s sanctity and importance long predate this construction.

The temple’s history is deeply intertwined with the rich tapestry of Odisha’s past with its mention in various Puranas and other ancient Hindu texts. The Skanda Purana, in particular, describes the site as having the power to cleanse pilgrims of their sins. During the 10th century, under the rule of the Somvanshi dynasty, the temple saw a significant transformation. As Vaishnavism flourished in the region, the Biraja temple was incorporated into the Vaishnavite tradition. This led to the popularisation of Jajpur as Nabhigaya, believed to be the place where the navel of the demon Gayasura fell.

The temple faced a dark period in 1568 when it was ravaged by General Kalapahad and his Bengal Sultanate army. The sacred Biraja idol was shattered and discarded into a nearby well. For centuries, the temple lay in ruins. However, around 1750-51, with the end of Mughal reign in Odisha, a Vedic pandit named Tryamvaka Agnihotri retrieved the damaged idol, restored it, and reinstated it within the temple. The remaining structure was further restored during the Maratha era between 1751 and 1803.

According to tradition, it is believed that the navel of Goddess Sati fell here. At the Biraja Temple, the goddess is worshipped as Viraja or Girija, a form of Devi Durga. The principal idol is a striking representation of the goddess. She is depicted with two hands or dwibhuja, spearing the chest of Mahishasura with one hand and pulling his tail with the other. One of her feet rests on a lion, while the other is placed on Mahishasura’s chest. Interestingly, Mahishasura is depicted as a water buffalo, rather than in human form. The idol’s crown features intricate details, including representations of Ganesha, a crescent moon, and a lingam. The corresponding bairava is known as Varaheshwar or Baraha.

The temple covers a large area and houses several shrines dedicated to Shiva and other deities. The temple is also known as Nabhi Gaya, one of the Tri Gaya Kshetras, along with Gaya in Bihar and Pithapuram in Andhra Pradesh. The temple is located near the banks of the holy Vaitarani river, which finds mention in various Puranas. The Biraja Temple hosts the only Rath Yatra or chariot festival for a Devi in Odisha. The temple complex includes a separate shrine for Sree Bagalamukhi Devi, a rare feature as temples dedicated to this form of the Dasamahavidya are uncommon. The temple premises include an ancient well believed to be connected to its Shakti Peetha status.

The primary ritual in the temple is the Sharadiya Durga Puja, which begins on the night of Krishna Paksha Ashtami and ends on Ashwin Shukla Paksha Navami. This puja, known as Shodasha Dinatatmika Puja, lasts for 16 days. Known as Simhadhwaja, the ratha yatra or chariot festival is a unique feature of the Biraja Temple. The chariot’s flag bears a lion, symbolising the goddess’s power. During the lunar transition from Shukla Ashtami to Shukla Navami, an animal sacrifice ritual is performed. Celebrated as Aparajita Puja, Navratri is observed with a lot of gaiety and enthusiasm. Triveni Amavasya is celebrated in the month of Magha, in January-February, and marks the birthday of Goddess Biraja. On this day, she is decorated as Goddess Savitri, the consort of Brahma, adorned with golden ornaments and attired exclusively in yellow. Dola Purnima is another significant festival celebrated at the temple. The temple also celebrates Nakshatra, Shravana, Prathamastami, Pana Sankranti, Raja Parva, and Navanna.

According to local lore, the demon Gayasura was a devout follower of Lord Vishnu. After years of penance, Lord Vishnu granted him a boon that anyone who saw him would achieve Moksha. Gayasura used his spiritual powers to enlarge his body so that everyone on Earth could be saved. This concerned the gods, who approached Lord Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva for help. The three deities, disguised as Brahmins, approached Gayasura in search of space for a Yajna. This legend is closely tied to the Nabhi Gaya status of the temple. The Brahmayamala Tantra contains a hymn called Aadya Stotra dedicated to Shakti. In this hymn, Viraja or Girija is mentioned as the goddess worshipped in the Utkala Kingdom, which later became Odisha. In Tantric literature, the Oddiyana Peetha is described as being located in eastern India near the Vaitarani River. The term Oddiyana refers to an ornament worn by a woman around her navel, further connecting the site to its Shakti Peetha status.

The Biraja Temple, with its echoes of ancient rituals and its unique blend of Shakta and Vaishnava traditions, coupled with its rich historical background, makes it a fascinating destination for both devotees and those interested in India’s spiritual heritage.

Devi Talab Mandir, Punjab
Nestled in the heart of Jalandhar, the Devi Talab Mandir dedicated to Goddess Durga, is not just a place of worship but a powerful symbol of divine feminine energy that has drawn pilgrims for over two centuries. The origins of the Devi Talab Mandir stretch back approximately 200 years, with the exact date of its establishment uncertain. The present structure of the temple has undergone several renovations and changes over the years. In place of the old Devi Talab, a new temple has been built in the centre, preserving the sanctity of the original site while accommodating the growing number of devotees.

According to tradition, it is believed that the right breast of Goddess Sati fell at this sacred spot. At the temple, the goddess is worshipped as Tripurmalini, a form of Goddess Kali. This name, meaning the one who destroys the three cities, alludes to her power and fierce aspect. The Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva who accompanies the goddess at each Shakti Peetha, is known here as Bhishan Bhairav.

The temple complex houses a 200-year-old large masonry tank, considered sacred by Hindus. This ancient water body is a central feature of the temple, giving it its name Talab or pond and adding to its spiritual significance. Besides the main goddess, the temple complex houses shrines dedicated to various deities. Notably, there is an old temple of Goddess Kali near the Devi Talab. Recently, a model of the Amarnath Yatra has been built within the premises. The temple showcases intricate gold work both inside and on its top and the complex includes a hall dedicated to Lord Ram.

The temple is open from 7 am to 8 pm. Daily rituals dedicated to Goddess Durga are performed, maintaining a constant flow of spiritual energy. Navratri is celebrated twice a year, during which devotees participate in the Kanya Puja or the worship of young girls representing the goddess and large fairs are held. The Harivallabh Sangeet Sammelan, an annual classical music festival, held in December, is a unique feature of the temple. It attracts music enthusiasts from across the globe, blending spiritual devotion with artistic expression. Dussehra and Diwali are celebrated with special prayers and rituals, drawing large crowds of devotees. The deity is bathed with water, milk, honey, or other liquids as a form of purification and devotion daily.

The sacred tank within the temple complex is believed to possess healing properties. Devotees often take a dip in its waters, considering it an act of purification and a means to seek the goddess’s blessings for physical and spiritual well-being. During times of invasion by foreign rulers, it is said that the goddess protected her devotees and the sanctity of the temple. This belief in divine protection has strengthened the faith of devotees over centuries. The association of the temple with the Harivallabh Sangeet Sammelan is believed to be a divine blessing. Legend has it that the goddess, pleased with the devotion expressed through music, bestowed her grace on the festival, making it an integral part of the temple’s tradition.

Devi Talab Mandir, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith invites all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey. The presence of a charitable hospital within the temple complex reflects the ethos of service associated with the goddess.

Ambika Shaktipeeth, Viratpur, Rajasthan
The Ambika Shaktipeeth in Viratpur is dedicated to Goddess Ambika with the temple’s history intertwined with Hindu mythology. According to legend, the temple was founded by the sage Markandeya, a devoted follower of Goddess Durga. Over the centuries, the temple has undergone various reconstructions and restorations, yet its inherent charm and spiritual essence have persisted. The present structure, located in Virat village about 90 km from Jaipur, continues to be a major pilgrimage destination for Hindus.

According to tradition, it is believed that the fingers of the left foot of Goddess Sati fell here, making it a powerful centre of Shakti worship. At the Ambika Shaktipeeth, the goddess is worshipped as Ambika, a manifestation of Goddess Durga. The name Ambika signifies the motherly aspect of the divine feminine. Lord Shiva, in his complementary role, is worshipped here as Amriteshwar, meaning the lord of nectar or the nectar of immortality.

The temple is situated in Virat village, which is considered to be of great spiritual significance. The temple showcases the rich architectural traditions of Rajasthan. According to legend, the demon wreaked havoc on Earth, and the gods begged Goddess Durga to defend them. She then emerged as Maa Ambika and slew the monster, bringing peace back to the planet. It is believed that worshipping at this temple can help devotees attain peace, prosperity, and spiritual enlightenment.

The temple remains open from 5:30 am to 8 pm daily. The festival of Navratri is celebrated twice a year. The first occurs in the month of Chaitra in March-April, while the second takes place in Ashwin in September-October. During these nine days, devotees worship Navadurga, the nine forms of Durga. Celebrated during the winter Navratri, Durga Puja sees elaborate rituals and large gatherings of devotees. The festival of lights, Diwali, is one of the most admired and auspicious occasions celebrated at the temple while during Mahashivratri, a grand fair is organised, honouring Lord Shiva in his form as Amriteshwar. Other festivals celebrated include Makara Sankranti, Ram Navami, Sharad Poornima, Teej in July-August, and Gangaur in March-April.

According to local lore, when the demon was wreaking havoc on Earth, the gods sought the help of Goddess Durga. She manifested as Maa Ambika and vanquished the demon, restoring peace to the world. This legend emphasises the protective and nurturing aspects of the goddess. It is believed that the goddess has the divine power to grant the boon of offspring to those who passionately seek her favour. This has made the temple particularly popular among women seeking blessings for their families and well-being. The temple is known as where devotees can seek help in overcoming obstacles in their lives. This belief has drawn many pilgrims facing various challenges, hoping for the goddess’s intervention.

The Ambika Shaktipeeth, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, showcase the rich cultural tapestry of Rajasthan. The temple stands not just as a place of worship, but as a living link to India’s rich spiritual traditions, inviting all who visit to experience the divine presence of the Mother Goddess in her manifestation as Ambika.

Manibandh Temple, Pushkar, Rajasthan
Located in the sacred land of Pushkar, the Manibandh Shaktipeeth, dedicated to Goddess Gayatri, is also known as the Chamunda Mata Temple or Shri Raj Rajeshwari Puruhuta Manivedic Shaktipeeth. The temple is believed to be around 6000 years old and is located in the Gayatri hills near Pushkar, approximately 11 km northwest of Ajmer. The temple’s present structure, while ancient, has likely undergone renovations and expansions over the centuries.

According to Hindu mythology, it is believed that the wrists or manibandh of Goddess Sati fell here. The name Manibandh is significant, meaning wrist in Sanskrit. At the Manibandh Shaktipeeth, the goddess is worshipped as Gayatri, a manifestation of Goddess Sati. The temple houses two idols – one of Devi Sati, known as Gayatri, and another of Lord Shiva, known as Sarvananda, meaning the one who makes everyone happy who is the Bhairava at the temple.

The temple uniquely houses idols of both Goddess Gayatri and Lord Shiva, representing the divine couple. The temple is constructed on a hill and made of stones with etched figurines of various deities, showcasing the grandeur of ancient Indian architecture. The statue of the goddess is believed to be extremely old, dating back to the Treta Yug, and is said to possess special energy. This temple is considered the ideal place for Gayatri Mantra sadhana, connecting it deeply with the practice of this powerful Sanskrit verse. The temple complex includes idols of Kali on the extreme left and Gauri Ganesh on the extreme right, adding to its spiritual diversity.

The Annakoot festival is arranged approximately once a year on the foundation day of the temple. The world-famous Pushkar Fair is celebrated with great pomp and pageant. The festival of Navratri dedicated to the goddess is observed with special rituals and devotion. Shivaratri also holds special significance in the temple. Gayatri Jayanti is another festival that is observed with great devotion and splendour, honouring the presiding deity of the temple.

According to local lore, this is the place where the wrists of Goddess Sati fell. The wrists hold significance as they represent the source of all actions performed by hand. The temple is deeply associated with the Gayatri Mantra, one of the most sacred verses in Hinduism. It is believed that practising this mantra at this location can bring profound spiritual benefits. Despite being near the major pilgrimage centre of Pushkar, this Shaktipeeth remains relatively unknown, hidden among the Pushkar hills. This seclusion is said to add to its spiritual potency. The statue of the goddess is believed to possess special energy dating back to the Treta Yug, one of the four yugas or ages in Hindu cosmology. This ancient energy is said to permeate the entire temple complex.

The Manibandh Shaktipeeth, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, continues to be a powerful force in the religious landscape. The combination of its Shakti Peetha status, its connection to the Gayatri Mantra, and its unique representation of both Goddess Gayatri and Lord Shiva makes it a fascinating destination for both devotees and those interested in India’s spiritual heritage.

Bhadrakali Devi Mandir, Nashik, Maharashtra
Dedicated to Goddess Bhadrakali, the temple in the ancient city of Nashik has its history intertwined with the city. According to historical records, the present structure of the temple was completed in 1790. The construction was undertaken by Mr. Patvardhan and Mr. Dixit, who built the temple in response to a request from local villagers. This request came during the Islamic regime when many deity statues were being desecrated. The villagers sought a place to worship the remnants of these statues, leading to the establishment of the current temple. The city of Nashik used to be also known as Nasikha or Chibak in ancient times is believed to have been a city spread across nine hills, with a history dating back to the 11th century.

According to tradition, it is believed that the chin or chibak of Goddess Sati fell at this sacred spot. The name Bhadrakali is significant, meaning the one who does good or the auspicious one. In Sanskrit, Bhadra means welfare or auspiciousness, and Kali refers to the goddess who is the embodiment of time and change. The bhairava associated with the temple isVikritaksheshwar.

The temple is a spacious two-story building, reflecting the architectural styles of the late 18th century. The temple houses remnants of ancient deity statues that were rescued during times of religious persecution. Despite its location in the bustling old part of Nashik, the temple maintains a captivating blend of spirituality and ancient architecture.

Sacred texts are read daily from 8 to 9:30 am, organised by the temple trust, Nyasa. Women gather daily in the afternoon to sing devotional songs. Every evening, there is a recitation of the Devi Purana, followed by storytelling and kirtana. Puja is performed in the morning, with aarti conducted both in the morning and evening. The nine-day festival of Navratri is celebrated with great fervour. Daily mantras are recited by learned Brahmins, and women perform havan on Ashtami. the eighth day. The temple celebrates the Ganesh festival and organises a yagna or fire ritual. A seven-day Guru Charitra Parayana is conducted on Datta Jayanti.

The name Nashik is believed to be derived from the Sanskrit word Nasikha, which later evolved into Nasik. The city’s history is closely tied to the legend of Lord Rama’s exile, as mentioned in the epic Ramayana. The goddess Bhadrakali is revered for her protective and nurturing qualities. She is often depicted as a fierce form of the goddess Kali, known for her strength and ability to vanquish evil. During times of religious persecution, when many deity statues were being desecrated, the local villagers managed to rescue some of these sacred images. These rescued statues became the focal point of worship in the new temple, symbolizing the resilience of faith in the face of adversity.

The Bhadrakali Devi Mandir’s significance extends beyond its religious importance. The trust managing the temple, Nyasa, organises various educational and cultural activities, including felicitating high-achieving students of Sanskrit and providing scholarships.

Tuljabhavani Temple, Tuljapur, Maharashtra
Constructed probably sometime in the 12th century, the Tulja Bhavani Temple in the town Tuljapur in Maharastra’s Osmanabad district is dedicated to Goddess Tulja Bhavani. The temple’s history is closely intertwined with the legends of the Maratha Empire. One well-known tale states that Goddess Bhavani presented Shivaji Maharaj with a sword, which he used as a protective talisman for his kingdom and subjects. The Bhonsle dynasty, including Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, were frequent visitors to this temple.

The Shakti worshipped in the temple is Tuljabhavani Devi while the bhairava is Bhairava. Bhavani is a form of the goddess Durga who is worshipped in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Telangana, Northern Karnataka, and Nepal, Andhra Pradesh. Bhavani translates to giver of life, meaning the power of nature or the source of creative energy. She is considered to be a mother who provides to her devotees and also plays the role of dispensing justice by killing Asuras. The Goddess is said to be swayambhu or self emanated and is the kuldevi or clan goddess for many Maratha clans of Maharashtra.

The deity is worshipped in the form of a three-foot-tall granite statue. She has eight arms, each holding a weapon, and the head of the demon Mahishasura. The temple has two main entrances, Raje Shahaji Mahadwar and Rajamata Jijau Mahadwar. The temple’s architecture reflects a blend of various styles, including Hemadpanti from the Yadava dynasty, Maratha, and Deccan influences. Unlike most temples, the installation of the goddess idol is dynamic. The idol is taken out from the Sriyantra thrice a year for Pradakshina. The goddess idol is believed to be a Swayambhu murti or a self-manifested idol made of Shaligram, a non-perishable stone.

Priests offer a daily ritual bath, change of clothes, and food to the deity four times a day. The day begins with the loud playing of a large drum at 5 am to call devotees for prayers. At 5:30 am, the Mahant performs the morning prayer. The current Mahant is Tukoji Bua. The Charantirtha Puja is performed in the presence of the Karvir Princely state. In the evening, the deity is ceremoniously put to rest.

During Navaratri, the entire temple premise is washed, cleaned, and decorated with a special Toran made of mango leaves and coconut puddles. Strict rituals are performed, including the worshipping of Kumarikas or virgins and younger girls, Saptashadi Path, Bhavani Shankar Abhishek, and Navagruha Japa. Celebrated twice a year, the Tulja Bhavani festival is a four-day festival that includes rituals like Sasthi and Bhavani Ashtami. On Bhavani Ashtami, devotees fast until they offer flowers to the deity. Gudi Padwa, which falls in the month of Chaitra, or in April, is of special significance at the temple. Other festivals celebrated in the temple include Shriral Sashti, Lalita Panchami, Makar Sankranti, Ratha Saptami, and Dussehra. The image of Shri Tulja Bhawani Mata is taken every Tuesday with Shukla Paksha Chaturdashi, Shukla Paksha Poornima, and Krishna Paksha Pratipada.

According to Sri Skanda Purana, there was a sage named Kardam and his consort Anubhuti. After Kardam’s death, Anubhuti performed penance for Goddess Bhavani on the banks of the Mandakini River to care for her infant. A demon named Kukur tortured her, but Goddess Bhavani killed the demon and rescued Anubhuti. At Anubhuti’s request, the goddess settled on the hill of Bala Ghat, becoming known as Bhavani of Tuljapur or Tulja Bhavani. Tulja Bhavani Goddess is believed to appear in the Trigunatmak position, embodying the three gunas: Tamo, represented by Maha Kali in Kolkata, Rajo, represented by Maha Lakshmi in Kolhapur, and Sattva, represented by Maha Saraswati in Mahur.

In Treta Yuga, it is said that Shri Bhagwati appeared to Lord Rama during his exile period, blessing him that his wife Sita would be found soon after his penance. Another legend says that Goddess Durga came to Yamunachala Hills to rest after killing the demon Mahishasur in Chamundi Hills.

With its blend of myth, history, and living faith, the Tuljapur Bhavani Temple occupies a special place in the hearts of the people of Maharashtra, especially those for whom she is the kuldevi.

Mahalakshmi Temple, Kolhapur, Maharashtra
Also known as the Ambabai Temple, the Mahalakshmi Temple in Kolhapur is dedicated to Goddess Mahalakshmi, the consort of Lord Vishnu. It is a unique confluence of Shaivite and Vaishnavite traditions and is also recognised as one of the 51 Shakti Peethas.

The Mahalakshmi Temple dates back to the 7th century, during the reign of the Chalukya dynasty. It was constructed by King Karnadeva of the Chalukyan Empire around 634. The temple’s architectural style reflects the grandeur of Chalukyan craftsmanship, with intricate carvings and black stone construction. The temple gained prominence during the rule of the Shilahara dynasty who ruled between the 10th and 12th centuries, who made Kolhapur their capital and adopted Goddess Mahalakshmi as their patron deity. King Gandaraditya of this dynasty expanded and embellished the temple in the 11th century. Over time, rulers from other dynasties like the Yadavas of Devagiri and Marathas contributed to its development.

During Muslim invasions in medieval India, the idol of Mahalakshmi was hidden to protect it from destruction. It was reinstalled in 1715 by Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj, who also donated a large bell captured during his Goa campaign. The bell still bears a Portuguese inscription: Ave Maria Gratia Dominus Tecum IHS or Hail Mary full of grace! The Lord is with thee. The temple underwent further renovations under Queen Tarabai and later rulers of Kolhapur, making it a vibrant centre for worship and cultural activities.

According to tradition, it is believed that Sati’s left eye fell at this location. At this Shakti Peetha, Goddess Mahalakshmi is worshipped as Karveer Nivasini Ambabai, meaning the goddess who resides in Karveer, the ancient name for Kolhapur. The temple is unique because it represents both Shakti, the feminine energy, and Vishnu’s consort Lakshmi, associated with wealth and prosperity, blending Shaivite and Vaishnavite traditions seamlessly. At the Mahalakshmi Temple, Lord Shiva is worshipped as Kshetrapal Bhairava, meaning the guardian deity of this sacred land. His shrine is located within the temple complex and is an integral part of rituals performed here. Interestingly, there is also a hidden shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva within the dome of the temple. This shrine was believed to have been installed to balance the immense energy emitted by Goddess Mahalakshmi’s sanctum. However, it is no longer accessible to devotees.

The temple follows Chalukyan architectural principles with intricate carvings on its walls and pillars. The main sanctum houses a two-foot-tall black stone idol of Goddess Mahalakshmi adorned with gold jewellery. The goddess holds a mace, shield, panapatra or drinking bowl, and Matulinga fruit in her four hands. Behind her idol stands a lion, her mount, symbolising strength. A sacred geometric diagram called the Shri Yantra is carved on one wall inside the temple. This yantra represents cosmic energy and is considered highly auspicious.

Twice a year—on January 31st and November 9th—the first rays of the sun fall directly on the feet of Goddess Mahalakshmi’s idol at sunrise. Over subsequent days, they move upward toward her face. This astronomical alignment showcases ancient Indian expertise in architecture and astronomy and is celebrated as Kirnotsav or the festival of the sun’s rays. A large stone pillar called Garuda Sthambha stands outside the temple. It is believed that anyone who prays here with devotion will have their wishes fulfilled.

The temple complex includes shrines dedicated to Goddess Saraswati, Goddess Mahakali, Lord Vishnu as Sheshashayi Vishnu, Siddhivinayak Ganapati, Kalbhairav, Tulja Bhavani, Annapurna Devi, Radhakrishna, and others. The five domes atop the temple represent different deities: one for Goddess Mahalakshmi at the centre and others for Goddesses Saraswati, Mahakali, Lord Ganapati, and Lord Vishnu at cardinal directions. A large bell captured by Chhatrapati Sambhaji from Goa bears inscriptions in Portuguese and serves as a historical artifact within the temple complex.

The daily worship begins with Mangala Aarti at dawn. Multiple pujas are performed throughout the day using flowers, lamps, incense sticks, and offerings like coconuts and sweets.The evening aarti marks the conclusion of daily rituals. During the festival of Kirnotsav, in January and November each year, thousands gather to witness sunlight illuminating the goddess’s idol—a divine spectacle symbolising cosmic harmony. Navratri is celebrated with grandeur at this temple. Special decorations adorn the sanctum sanctorum while devotees perform Garba dances outside. On Dussehra or Vijayadashami day, special rituals are conducted to mark victory over evil forces. During Diwali festivities, devotees flock to seek blessings for wealth and prosperity from Goddess Mahalakshmi. Ritual bathing ceremonies are performed for both Goddess Mahalakshmi and Kshetrapal Bhairava using milk, honey, curd, ghee, sugarcane juice, and holy water.

One popular legend explains why Goddess Lakshmi resides in Kolhapur instead of Vaikuntha with Lord Vishnu. According to this tale, Sage Bhrigu once visited Vaikuntha but felt insulted by Vishnu’s indifference toward him. In anger, he kicked Vishnu on his chest—the place where Lakshmi resides. To appease Bhrigu’s anger, Vishnu apologized humbly by massaging his feet instead of retaliating against him. This act enraged Lakshmi as she felt disrespected by Vishnu’s subservience to Bhrigu. In anger, she left Vaikuntha and settled in Kolhapur as Karveer Nivasini Ambabai.

Another story recounts how Adi Shankaracharya visited Kolhapur during his travels across India to revive Sanatana Dharma or Hinduism. He installed a Shri Yantra inside the temple to channel divine energy effectively toward devotees seeking blessings from Mahalakshmi. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj brought back a giant bell from Goa after defeating Portuguese forces in 1683 CE during his military campaign there. This bell was offered to Goddess Mahalakshmi as a token of gratitude for her blessings during his victory.

The Mahalakshmi Temple in Kolhapur stands as an eternal symbol of devotion and architectural brilliance while embodying centuries-old traditions that continue to inspire millions worldwide who seek blessings from Karveer Nivasini Ambabai!

Nartiang Durga Temple, Nartiang, Meghalaya
Dedicated to Goddess Durga, the Nartiang Durga Temple is located in the West Jaintia Hills district. This ancient shrine has drawn pilgrims for over 600 years with its origins going back to the 15th century and closely tied to the Jaintia Kingdom. Historical records indicate that King Dhan Manik, who ruled around 600 years ago, made Nartiang the summer capital of the Jaintia Kingdom. The temple’s founding is steeped in legend, with stories telling of the goddess appearing to the king in a dream, revealing the significance of the location and instructing him to build a temple in her honour.

The temple’s construction marks a significant point in the region’s religious history. It is believed that the introduction of Hinduism to the Jaintia royalty came through the marriage of King Jaso Manik (1606–1641) to Lakshmi Narayana, daughter of the Hindu Koch king Nara Narayana. This union led to the embrace of Hindu practices alongside the existing tribal traditions, creating a unique blend of cultural and religious practices that continue to this day.

According to tradition, it is believed that the left thigh of Goddess Sati fell at this sacred spot. The Shakti Peetha here is known as Jayanti, and the temple is often referred to as the Jayanti Shaktipeeth or Jainteshwari Mandir. The name Jainteshwari itself is derived from the belief that the goddess’s left thigh fell in the Jaintia Hills. At the Nartiang Durga Temple, the Bhairava is known as Kamadishwar.

The temple’s structure reflects a fascinating blend of Hindu and Khasi architectural styles, symbolising the cultural fusion that characterises the region. The temple’s position and the presence of cannons nearby suggest that it was once part of a fort of the Jaintia Kings. Inside the temple, a single platform houses three idols: an old stone idol of the Devi, a metal idol of Durga with eight arms crushing Mahishasur, and another deity. The temple complex includes a nearby Shiva temple where one can see the remains of ancient cannons. Unlike many Hindu temples that use traditional idols, during Durga Puja, a banana plant is dressed up and worshipped as the Goddess, reflecting a unique local tradition. The local chieftain, known as the Syiem, is considered the chief patron of the temple.

Durga Puja is the most significant festival celebrated at the temple. The four-day festivities include unique rituals such as dressing up a banana plant as the Goddess and worshipping i, sacrificing goats, ducks, and hens in honour of the goddess, immersing the dressed banana plant in the Myntdu River at the end of the festival, and offering a gun salute to the Goddess, a practice that reflects the temple’s historical connection to the Jaintia royalty.

It is said that the goddess appeared to King Dhan Manik in a dream, revealing the significance of the Nartiang location and instructing him to build a temple in her honour. When King Jaso Manik needed a priest for the new Durga temple, no Brahmin was willing to take the job due to the practice of human sacrifice. As a result, the king brought a Maratha Kshatriya to serve as the priest, as Kshatriyas were allowed to perform both priestly duties and sacrificial rites. The introduction of Hinduism to the Jaintia Kingdom is attributed to Lakshmi Narayana, the Hindu wife of King Jaso Manik. Her devotion to Shakti is said to have influenced the royal family to embrace Hindu practices. In recent times, the temple has gained attention for contributing soil and water for the Bhoomi Puja at Ayodhya, highlighting its significance in the broader context of Hindu spirituality.

The Nartiang Durga Temple, with its blend of Hindu and Khasi traditions, with its unique practices sets it apart from other Shakti Peethas. These rituals reflect the seamless integration of local tribal customs with Hindu traditions, creating a distinctive form of worship that is both ancient and ever-evolving.

Shriparvat Temple, Ladakh
Situated in the breathtaking landscapes of Ladakh, the Shriparvat Shakti Peeth, also known as Shrisundari Shakti Peeth is dedicated to Goddess Mahamaya. While the exact date of the establishment of the temple remains uncertain, the temple is believed to be one of the most ancient Siddhpeeths in the region. Situated amidst the towering peaks of the Himalayas, the temple offers a unique spiritual experience, blending the raw power of nature with divine energy.

According to tradition, it is believed that the right anklet or right foot of Goddess Sati fell here. At the Shriparvat Shakti Peeth, the goddess is worshipped as Shri Sundari, which means the beautiful one. This name reflects the divine beauty and grace associated with the goddess at this particular site. The Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva who accompanies the goddess at each Shakti Peetha, is known here as Sundarananda. The name Sundarananda, meaning the handsome one who brings joy, creates an interesting parallel with the goddess’s name, emphasising the divine couple’s beauty and bliss.

The temple’s setting in the Ladakh region, known for its stunning landscapes and challenging terrain, makes it a unique pilgrimage destination. It is considered one of the ancient Siddhpeeths, adding to its spiritual significance. The temple offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Himalayan landscape, creating a serene and awe-inspiring atmosphere for worship. Many devotees report feeling a powerful spiritual energy at the site, attributed to its status as a Shakti Peetha.

The temple is open from 6 am to 10 pm daily. Festivals celebrating the feminine energy like Navaratri and Durga Puja are celebrated at the temple as is Shivaratri. The best time to visit the temple is from June to October when the weather in Ladakh is most favourable for travel. The summer months offer clear skies and relatively warmer temperatures, making it easier to access the temple and enjoy the surrounding natural beauty.

The temple is steeped in the rich mythology of the Shakti Peethas. One interesting aspect is the difference in beliefs about its exact location. While most sources place it in Ladakh, some believe it might be in Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh. This geographical ambiguity adds an element of mystery to the temple’s lore.

When one stands at the Shriparvat Temple, surrounded by the majestic Himalayan peaks, you can’t help but feel a connection to the spiritual heritage that has shaped this land for millennia. The journey to the temple itself is part of the pilgrimage experience. The challenging terrain of Ladakh, with its high-altitude passes and breathtaking vistas, serves as a physical metaphor for the spiritual journey of the devotees. Each step towards the temple is seen as a step closer to the divine, making the pilgrimage as much about the journey as the destination.

Avanti/Harsiddhi Temple, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh
Located in the ancient city of Ujjain, the Avanti Shakti Peeth, also known as the Harsiddhi Temple is believed to be around 5000 years old. This ancient shrine’s spiritual significance predates recorded history with the exact date of its establishment uncertain. Some accounts attribute the temple’s original construction to King Bhadrasen, though its history has been shaped by various rulers and dynasties over the centuries. The temple’s location in Ujjain, once the capital of the ancient Avanti Kingdom, adds to its historical importance. Ujjain was one of the 16 Mahajanapadas of Ancient India and remained a significant cultural and trading centre until the early 19th century.

According to tradition, it is believed that the upper lip of Goddess Sati fell at this spot. Interestingly, there is some debate about the exact location of the Shakti Peetha in Ujjain. Some sources suggest that both the Harsiddhi Temple and the nearby Avantika Mata Temple on Bhairav Parvat are considered Shakti Peethas, with their idols facing each other. At the Avanti Shakti Peeth, the goddess is worshipped as Avanti or Mahakali. The Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva who accompanies the goddess at each Shakti Peetha, is known here as Lambkarna.

The temple structure evolved using unusual, vibrant stones. The walls and roof are constructed from high-quality stones, providing visitors with a picturesque vistas. The present structure of the temple shows Maratha influences, particularly in its lamp pillars. The temple houses a Sri Yantra, a powerful symbol in Tantric worship. A unique feature of the temple is the presence of two pillars adorned with lamps. These pillars, each holding 1111 lamps, are lit during festivals, creating a spectacular sight. The temple premises include an ancient well with an artistic pillar adorning its top. Besides the main goddess, the temple complex also houses idols of Goddess Annapurna, Mahalakshmi, and Mahasaraswati.

Navaratri is celebrated at the temple. The lamp pillars are lit during this time, creating a mesmerizing spectacle. As one of the holiest cities in India, Ujjain hosts the Kumbh Mela, during which the Avanti Shakti Peeth sees a surge in devotees. Given the temple’s connection to Lord Shiva, Shivaratri is an important celebration here.

According to local lore, there was once a demon named Andhakaleshwar who terrorised the earth. Adi Parashakti took the form of Kali to protect all the worlds. The demon had received a boon from Lord Brahma that wherever his blood was shed, demons like him would appear. During the battle, the goddess spread her tongue, absorbed all the blood released by the demon, and eventually killed him. After that, this place was named Avanti Peeth. King Vikramaditya, the legendary ruler of Ujjain, was a devoted worshipper of Goddess Harsiddhi. It is said that he dedicated his head to the goddess eleven times, and each time she brought him back to life.

Once when Shiva and Parvati were alone on Kailash, two demons Chand and Prachand tried to force their way in. Shiva called upon Chandi to destroy them, which she did. He then gave her the name Harsiddhi, meaning one who vanquishes all. In a small shrine just outside the main temple, dedicated to Mahamaya, there is a lamp that is said to have been burning continuously for ages. Only the pujari is allowed to enter this sanctum to offer prayers and maintain the lamp.

The Avanti Shakti Peeth, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, continues to be a powerful force in India’s religious landscape. The temple’s significance extends beyond its religious importance. It is believed to be one of the seven locations on earth that lead to Moksha.

Maa Sharda Mandir, Maihar, Madhya Pradesh
Nestled atop the majestic Trikuta Hill in Maihar, the Maa Sharda Mandir is an ancient shrine, dedicated to Goddess Sharda, a manifestation of Goddess Saraswati. According to Hindu mythology, the hill on which the temple is situated was once the abode of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. The site’s sanctity was further established when Goddess Sharda appeared before the great sage Markandeya, granting him the boon of knowledge. While the exact date of the temple’s establishment remains uncertain, its present structure dates back to the 19th century. The ruling family of Maihar, the Bundelas, constructed the temple, blending Rajput and Mughal architectural styles to create a stunning edifice adorned with intricate carvings and designs.

The name Maihar itself is steeped in legend, derived from the words Mai or mother and Har or necklace. It is said that when Lord Shiva was carrying the body of Goddess Sati, her necklace fell at this place, giving rise to the name Maihar. The bhairava associated with this temple is known as Chandreshwar.

The temple is situated atop Trikuta Hill, requiring devotees to climb 1,057 steps to reach the shrine. This ascent is considered a symbolic journey towards attaining knowledge and wisdom. The temple’s architecture is a harmonious blend of Rajput and Mughal styles, featuring intricate carvings and designs that adorn its walls and ceilings. The hilltop location offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape, including the Holy Anandpur Sahib Gurudwara and the Gobind Sagar Lake. Besides the main goddess, the temple complex houses shrines dedicated to Kaal Bhairava, Lord Hanuman, Goddess Kali, Durga, Gauri Shankar, Shesh Nag, Phoolmati Mata, Brahma Dev, and Jalapa Devi. Behind the temple and downhill is Alha Pond, associated with the legendary warriors Alha and Udal.

Navratri is celebrated in a grand manner in the temple, The shrine is adorned with lights, and devotees from different parts of the country gather to seek the blessings of Maa Sharda. Since 1918-19, a statue immersion ceremony has been celebrated here, similar to practices in Maharashtra and West Bengal.

According to local lore, the warriors Alha and Udal who were brothers, who fought with Prithvi Raj Chauhan during the rule of King Parmardidev Chandel, were the first to discover the goddess in this remote forest. They called her Sharda Mai, and since then, she became known as Mata Sharda Mai. Alha performed penance for 12 years to please the Goddess. The Goddess blessed him with immortality. It is believed that even today, Alha visits the temple every day during Brahma Muhurta at 4 am and worships the Goddess.

A popular legend tells of demon king Ravana carrying a Shivalinga to Lanka. When he needed to answer nature’s call, he asked a passing shepherd to hold the linga. The shepherd put it down, and it became rooted to the spot. In his frustration, Ravana cut a part of the hill with his sword, which is believed to be the Trikuta Hill where the temple now stands. Another tale speaks of a Gujjar boy named Naina who observed a white cow showering milk on a particular stone while grazing his cattle. This phenomenon repeated for several days. One night, the boy had a dream where the Goddess claimed that the stone was her Pindi or symbolic representation. Upon hearing this story, Raja Bir Chand decided to construct the temple atop the hill.

The Maa Sharda Mandir, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith invites all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey. The temple is believed to be a place of spiritual healing, with many devotees reporting miraculous recoveries from illnesses and diseases. The climb to the temple, while challenging, is seen as a purifying act that brings divine blessings.

Shondesh Temple, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh
The Shondesh Temple, located in the picturesque town of Amarkantak at the source of the Narmada River is dedicated to Goddess Narmada. The temple is believed to be around 6000 years old, making it one of India’s most ancient shrines. The present structure of the temple is believed to have been constructed in the 16th century. However, the site’s sanctity predates the current building by several millennia. The temple has undergone renovations and expansions over the centuries, with notable contributions from various rulers and dynasties.

According to tradition, it is believed that the right buttock or hip of Goddess Sati fell here. The temple is also known as the Narmada Devi Shondesh Shakti Peetha, highlighting its connection to both the river goddess and the Shakti Peetha tradition. At the Shondesh Temple, the goddess is worshipped as Narmada Devi or Sonakshi or Shonakshi. This form of the goddess is closely associated with the Narmada River, which originates near the temple. The Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva who accompanies the goddess at each Shakti Peetha, is known here as Bhadrasen.

The temple is located at the origin point of the Narmada River, one of India’s most sacred waterways. The temple is constructed with white stone, showcasing the architectural styles of its time. The temple is situated at the confluence of the Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges, with the Maikal Hills serving as a fulcrum. This unique geographical setting adds to the temple’s mystical aura. Besides the Narmada, the Son and Johila rivers also originate near the temple, making it a rare confluence of three river sources. The temple complex includes the Narmada Udgam Kund, believed to be the exact birthplace of the Narmada River. The idol of Goddess Narmada is adorned with a golden mukut or crown. The platform on which the goddess’s idol is placed is made of silver, further emphasising her importance.

The temple opens its doors to devotees from 6 am to 12 noon and again between 4 and 8 pm. Mahashivratri is the major festival celebrated at the temple with great pomp and glory. The nine-night Navaratri festival dedicated to the goddess is also celebrated with great fervour. The harvest festival of Makar Sankranti sees significant celebrations at the temple. Other festivals like Sharad Purnima, Deepavali, Somvati Amavasya and Ram Navami ate also celebrated with special rituals and ceremonies.

According to local lore, when Lord Shiva destroyed the three cities, Tripura, with fire, some of the ashes fell at Amarkantak. These ashes are believed to have transformed into countless Shiva Lingas, though only one remains visible today at Jwaleshwar. It is believed that any devotee who enters the Sona or Narmada Temple will have their soul cleansed due to the presence of these holy ashes. Amarkantak, where the temple is located, is considered an abode of gods. It is said that whoever dies in this sacred place is assured a place in heaven.

The name Amarkantak is derived from two Sanskrit words – Amar which means immortal and Kantak which means an obstruction Legend has it that this name signifies the place where gods resided but were upset by the obstruction of Rudraganas.

The Shondesh Temple, at the source of the holy Narmada River blends natural beauty, mythological significance, and living faith. Devotees often combine their visit to the temple with a pilgrimage to the river’s origin, believing that the waters here possess special purifying properties. The convergence of spiritual and natural elements creates a unique atmosphere of reverence and wonder.

Mata Vaishno Devi Temple, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir
Also known as the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Temple and Vaishno Devi Bhavan, the Vaishno Devi Temple is located in Katra, in Jammu and Kashmir. The temple is dedicated to Vaishno Devi, a manifestation of Mahakali, Mahalakshmi, and Mahasarasvati on the Trikuta mountain at 5,000 feet above sea level.

Mata Vaishno Devi Temple’s origins predate recorded history. While the exact date of its establishment remains uncertain, legends trace its roots to ancient times. A geological study of the Holy Cave has indicated its age to be nearly a million years. There is also a mention of the Trikuta hill in Rigveda. Some accounts suggest that the Pandavas were among the first to visit the Holy Cave and pay homage to Mata Vaishno Devi during their exile, linking the shrine to the epic Mahabharata. The discovery of the shrine in its current form is attributed to Pandit Shridhar, about 700 years ago. According to legend, Mata Vaishnavi appeared in Shridhar’s vision, guiding him to the Holy Cave amidst the Trikuta Mountains. Upon entering the cave, he found a rock formation with three heads atop it, which Mata Vaishno Devi revealed as her manifestation.

While there are differing beliefs about its exact status as a Shakti Peetha, some traditions consider it one of the holiest Shaktipeeths. One belief suggests that the goddess’s skull fell at this location, while another states that her right arm fell in this region. The bhairava associated with the Mata Vaishno Devi Temple is Bhairo Baba.

The temple is created in a cave believed to have been the abode of Mata Rani, adding to its mystical allure. In the garbha griha, the sanctum sanctorum of the temple, the image of Mata Vaishno Devi is installed in the form of three significant stone structures called Pindies. These symbolise the goddess in her three divine forms – Maha Kali, Maha Lakshmi, and Maha Saraswati. The three pindis are naturally formed from a single rock, yet they have different colors and textures, adding to the shrine’s mystique. The feet of the icons are washed by the water brought from the perennial flowing river Banganga. Remains of a stone hand called Varad Hast can be seen inside the holy cave, believed to be connected to the Shakti Peetha status. A shrine dedicated to Bhairavnath, who was defeated by Vaishno Devi and turned into a devotee, is also part of the complex. Located about halfway between Katra town and the main shrine, the Ardha Kunwari Cave is where Vaishno Devi is said to have meditated for nine months. Festivals celebrated at the temple include the nine-night Navaratri festival, Makar Sankranti and Chaitra Navratras that are observed during the spring season.

According to Hindu mythology, a goddess was born in southern India as a young girl named Vaishnavi. She was a sincere devotee of Lord Vishnu from a young age. During the events of the Ramayana, she vowed to marry Lord Rama, who, being Ekpatnivrata or devoted to one wife, could not marry her. Impressed by her devotion, he promised to marry her in his last incarnation as Kalki and asked her to meditate in the cave of the Trikuta Mountains. When Bhairon Nath, a powerful demon, ran after Vaishno Devi to catch her, she reached the cave in the hill. She called upon Hanuman and instructed him to guard the cave entrance while she meditated inside for nine months.

Mata had helped organise a Bhandara, a community feast, at Pandit Shridhar’s place. When she left amidst the Bhandara to escape Bhairon Nath, Shridhar felt immense grief. His fervent prayers led to the goddess appearing in his vision and guiding him to the holy cave. After being defeated by Vaishno Devi, Bhairon Nath turned into a devotee. It is believed that his spirit still lingers around the temple. According to some stories, Mata Rani observed the Navratra to pray for Lord Rama’s victory against Ravana. In return, Rama blessed her with immortality and ensured that the world would sing her praises.

Surrounded by the majestic Trikuta Mountain, as one stands in the temple complex,one can’t help but feel a connection to the spiritual heritage that has shaped this land for millennia. The Mata Vaishno Devi Temple, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, continues to be a powerful force in the religious landscape of India, inviting all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey.

Baidyanath Dham, Deoghar, Jharkhand
Dedicated to Lord Shiva, Baidyanath Dham in Deoghar is an ancient site of devotion and spiritual significance. According to historical records, the temple was originally built by Puran Mal, an ancestor of the Nagavanshi dynasty, in the 8th century. However, the temple has undergone several renovations and expansions over the centuries, with the present structure believed to have been built by Raja Man Singh in the 16th century.

The temple complex is spread over a vast area and is characterised by its towering spire, intricate carvings, and a sacred tank known as Shrawani Mela Kund. The temple’s architecture reflects a blend of various styles, including Nagara and Dravidian, showcasing the diverse cultural influences that have shaped its design.

Baidyanath Dham holds a unique position as it is both one of the 12 Jyotirlingas and one of the 51 Shakti Peethas. As a Shakti Peetha, it is believed that Sati’s heart fell at this location, making it the Hriday Peeth, or the Heart Shrine. The Shakti Peetha here is dedicated to Jaya Durga, a manifestation of Goddess Parvati, while the bhairava associated with the temple is Baidyanath.

The sanctum houses the sacred Jyotirlinga, believed to be Swayambhu or self-manifested. The Jyotirlinga is said to have healing powers, earning Lord Shiva the epithet Baidyanath, meaning the Lord of Physicians. The temple stands 72 feet tall and resembles a blooming lotus, symbolising purity and enlightenment. Three ascending gold vessels, donated by the Maharaja of Gidhaur, crown the temple. A trident-shaped emblem representing Shiva’s power adorns the temple while the Chandrakanta Mani, an eight-petaled lotus jewel adds to the temple’s mystical beauty.

The Shravani Mela is the the most significant festival at Baidyanath Dham, held during the Hindu month of Shravan. Hundreds and thousands of pilgrims converge at the temple, creating a vibrant and spiritual atmosphere. Devotees embark on a sacred journey known as the Kanwar Yatra, walking barefoot from the nearby town of Jasidih, carrying a kanwar, a decorated pot filled with holy water from the Ganges. Maha Shivaratri, the festival dedicated to Lord Shiva is celebrated at the temple with enthusiasm.

One of the most prominent myths associated with the temple is linked to the demon king Ravana from the epic Ramayana. According to the legend, Ravana, an ardent devotee of Lord Shiva, sought to bring the powerful Jyotirlinga from Mount Kailash to Lanka. As Ravana was carrying the Linga, Lord Vishnu intervened, and during the struggle, a piece of the Linga broke off and fell in Deoghar, where the Baba Baidyanath Temple now stands. The name Baidyanath, meaning the Lord of Physicians or The King of Remedies, originates from a legend where Lord Shiva assumed the role of a healer to cure Ravana, who was injured during his devotion. Impressed by Shiva’s healing powers, Ravana requested him to reside in the form of the Linga at Deoghar. Another popular legend speaks of Chandrakant Mani, the jewel on Lord Shiva’s forehead, which is said to have fallen in Deoghar. Devotees believe that this jewel is still present in the sanctum, radiating divine energy.

Baidyanath Dham, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, converges the worship of Shiva and Shakti and thus is a unique Shakti Peetha. The temple’s significance extends beyond its religious importance and celebrations at the temple reflects the deep spiritual connection that people share with Baba Baidyanath.

Jnanakshi Rajarajeshwari Temple, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Located in India’s Silicon Valley, the Jnanakshi Rajarajeshwari Temple is dedicated to Goddess Rajarajeshwari. The origins of the temple are rooted in a divine vision experienced by Sri Sivaratnapuri Swamiji, popularly known as Sri Tiruchi Swamigal. On January 14, 1960, while traveling to Mysore, Sri Tiruchi Swamiji witnessed a remarkable sight – three sacred eagles circling in the sky. These eagles reminded him of the divine forms of Durga, Lakshmi, and Saraswathi that had appeared to him during a profound meditation on Mount Kailas.

Guided by this celestial sign, Swamiji followed a footpath leading to a small village called Kenchenahalli. There, amidst a grove of guava trees, he discovered a tiny cottage – the spot where the eagles continued to circle. Recognising the spiritual significance of this location, Swamiji decided to establish his Ashrama there. The foundation stone for the temple was laid on April 3, 1960, by Sri Tiruchi Mahaswamigal himself. Over the years, the once remote village of Kenchenahalli transformed into what is now known as Sri Rajarajeshwarinagar, a testament to the temple’s influence on the surrounding area.

According to the Tantra Chudamani, this site forms the karnabhaga or ear of the numerous Shaktipeethas in Bharat. It was once known as Kanchanagiri situated between the Cauvery and Vrishabhavati rivers. The ruling Bhairava, Abiru Bhairava, is known as Jaya Peetha. The temple is believed to have been the home of the pious wife Anusuya and the sage Atri, who attained siddhi by appeasing the holy mother Sri Rajarajeshwari. The temple grounds are believed to be a sacred place for various devas, rishis, munis, and siddhas.

The temple is a magnificent edifice built in pure granite, showcasing the Dravidian style of architecture. It stands as an excellent specimen of religious architecture, strictly adhering to agama prescriptions. The temple boasts five impressive Rajagopuras and the main attraction is the six-feet tall, inspiring stone image of Divine Mother Sri Raja Rajeshwari, also worshipped as Mother Sri Jnanakshi. The garbha griha houses the splendid stone image of the Divine Mother Sri Jnanakshi Rajarajeshwari, seated on a throne with a unique posture – her right leg folded and placed across the seat, while her left leg is bent at the knee and stretched below to rest on a lotus in full bloom.

The complex includes an elevated sanctum, or a garbha griha, a porch or a antarala, an open pillared hall or a Mukha Mantapa, a wide circumambulatory path or a Pradikshina patha, and an inner courtyard. The temple complex houses shrines for various deities including Vinayaka, Subramanya, Srichakra, and Navagrahas.

The temple is renowned for its grand Navarathri festivities. The temple Brahmotsavam is another significant celebration at the temple, featuring daily Chandi Homa performances as priests recite the Vedas and Saptashati. A unique phenomenon occurs on March 27 each year when the sun directly illuminates the Devi’s forehead and travels down to her feet, attracting numerous devotees.

The story of Sri Tiruchi Swamiji’s vision of the three sacred eagles, which led to the temple’s establishment, is a cornerstone of the temple’s lore. It is said that in the remote past, many devas, rishis, munis, and siddhas, including deva rishi Narada, have propitiated the divine mother Sri Rajarajeshwari at this very place and obtained siddhi. Sage Athreya and his devout wife Anusuya are believed to have lived at this site, adding to its spiritual significance.

The Jnanakshi Rajarajeshwari Temple, with its blend of divine vision, meticulous architecture, and living faith, continues to be a powerful force in Bengaluru, inviting all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey. Under the guidance of the current Peethadhipathi, H.H. Sri Jayendra Puri Mahaswamiji, the temple continues to thrive, maintaining its spiritual essence while adapting to the needs of modern devotees.

Sri Chamundeshwari Temple, Mysuru, Karnataka
Perched atop the Chamundi Hills, overlooking the regal city of Mysuru, the Sri Chamundeshwari Temple can be reached after climbing 1,000 steps. The temple’s origins, dedicated to Goddess Chamundeshwari, the fierce avatar of Shakti, are intertwined with the legend of the demon Mahishasura, whose defeat at the hands of the goddess gave the city its name – Mahishooru, later anglicised to Mysore and now known as Mysuru.

As one approaches the temple, the imposing seven-tiered gopuram or tower looms, its intricate carvings telling stories of divine battles and celestial triumphs. This architectural marvel, added in the 17th century by the Vijayanagara rulers, stands atop the original shrine built by the Hoysala dynasty in the 12th century. It is believed that the hair of Goddess Sati fell at this spot.

As one enters the sanctum sanctorum, the air thick with the scent of incense and vibrating with the chants of devotees, the gaze is drawn to the mesmerising idol of Goddess Chamundeshwari. The deity, resplendent in her Ashtabhuja or eight-armed form, embodies the multifaceted nature of divine feminine power. One of the most striking features of the temple complex is the colossal statue of Nandi, Lord Shiva’s bull mount. Situated on the 700th step of the ascent, this 5-meter-high granite monolith, installed in 1664 by Mysore Maharaja Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar, serves as a silent guardian of the sacred hill.

In 1399, when the Wodeyar dynasty rose to power in Mysuru, they embraced Goddess Chamundeshwari as their tutelary deity. This royal patronage elevated the temple’s status and led to significant expansions and embellishments over the centuries.

The Ashada Shukravara, observed on Fridays during the month of Ashada, sees throngs of devotees seeking the goddess’s blessings. However, it is during Navaratri that the temple truly comes alive. This nine-night festival, celebrated as Mysuru Dasara, transforms the entire city into a spectacle of lights, music, and devotion. The goddess is adorned differently each day, representing the nine forms of Shakti. On the seventh day, dedicated to Kalaratri, the idol is bedecked with priceless jewels from the royal treasury, a tradition that continues to this day.

One of the most intriguing aspects of the temple’s history is its association with animal sacrifices. In ancient times, it was not uncommon for devotees to offer animal and even human sacrifices to appease the fierce goddess. However, this practice was discontinued in the 18th century, reflecting the evolving nature of worship and societal values.

As one stands in the temple courtyard, gazing out at the panoramic view of Mysuru spread out below, it’s easy to understand why this site has captivated the hearts and minds of devotees for centuries. The Chamundeshwari Temple is more than just a place of worship; it’s a living, breathing entity that continues to shape the spiritual and cultural landscape of the region. At the foot of Chamundi Hills lies the Jwalamalini Sri Tripura Sundari Temple, dedicated to the sister of Chamundeshwari. According to local lore, this goddess aided Chamundeshwari in her battle against the demon Raktabija, adding another layer to the rich tapestry of myths surrounding this sacred site.

Nainadevi Temple, Nainadevi, Himachal Pradesh
Nestled atop a triangular hill in the Bilaspur district, the Naina Devi Temple is an ancient shrine, dedicated to Goddess Naina Devi. The origins of the temple stretch back in time, with its spiritual significance predating recorded history. While the exact date of its establishment remains uncertain, legends trace its roots to ancient times. One account attributes the temple’s construction to Raja Bir Chand in the 8th century, adding layers of historical depth to this sacred site.

The temple’s location, perched at an altitude of approximately 1,177 m above sea level, offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape, including the Holy Anandpur Sahib Gurudwara on one side and the Gobind Sagar Lake on the other.

This site is said to mark the spot where the eyes of Goddess Sati fell. The name Naina means eyes in Sanskrit, connecting to the legend of Sati’s eyes falling at this location. The temple is also known as Mahishapeeth because of the defeat of the demon Mahishasur by the Goddess. According to legend, Mahishasur was a powerful demon who was blessed with the boon of immortality by Lord Brahma, but the condition was that he could be defeated only by an unmarried woman. Due to this boon, Mahishasur started spreading terror on earth and the heaven. To cope with the demon, all Gods combined their powers and created a Devi to defeat him. The Devi was gifted different types of weapons by all Gods. When Mahishasur got mesmerised by the immense beauty of Devi and proposed her to marry him. Devi told him that she would marry him if he would overpower her. During the battle, Devi defeated the demon and took out both his eyes. This urged Gods to happily applaud Jai Naina and hence the name. The Shakti at Naina Devi Temple is called Mahishamardini Devi and the bhairav is known as Krodhishwar.

The main shrine reveals images of three deities. Goddess Kali can be traced on the extreme left, the image of Naina Devi is visible in the centre, while Lord Ganesha is on the right side. After crossing the main gate of the shrine, two striking statues of lions are visible, symbolising the goddess’s power and protection. The temple complex houses a huge Peepal tree that is said to have been present for many centuries, adding to the site’s historical and spiritual ambience. On the right side of the entrance to the main shrine, idols of Lord Hanuman and Lord Ganesha are placed, welcoming devotees. Close to the main shrine, there is a small cave known as Shri Naina Devi Cave, adding an element of mystery and spiritual intrigue to the site. In recent times, a cable car facility has been launched to make the journey to the hilltop temple easier and more enjoyable for pilgrims.

The temple comes alive during its numerous festivals and special occasions. Navaratri is celebrated with great fervour at the temple. It attracts devotees from all over the country, with special pujas performed each day to honour the nine forms of the goddess. The Chaitra Purnima Fair is held each year on the full moon of Chaitra, usually in April, drawing large crowds of devotees and tourists alike. Shravan Ashtami is celebrated in July-August and sees a significant influx of pilgrims seeking the goddess’s blessings. On Bhadrapad Shukla Ashtami, a statue immersion ceremony has been celebrated since 1918-19, similar to practices in Maharashtra and West Bengal.

According to local lore, a Gujjar boy named Naina once observed a white cow showering milk on a particular stone while grazing his cattle. This phenomenon repeated for several days. One night, the boy had a dream where the Goddess claimed that the stone was her Pindi or symbolic representation. Upon hearing this story, Raja Bir Chand, convinced by the divine sign, decided to construct the temple atop the hill. A variation of the above legend speaks of Raja Bir Chand himself witnessing the miracle of the white cow showering milk on the stone, leading to his decision to build the temple.

Another intriguing tale suggests that when Raja Bir Chand decided to build a temple for the goddess in the plains, she agreed on the condition that he should not look back while leading her down the hill. Unable to resist his curiosity, the king peeped back, causing the goddess to stop at the current temple site. It is believed that the goddess has the divine power to grant the boon of offspring to those who passionately seek her favor, making the temple a popular pilgrimage site for couples hoping to conceive.

As one stands in the temple courtyard, surrounded by centuries of devotion and the echoes of ancient rituals, one can’t help but feel a connection to the spiritual heritage that has shaped this land for millennia. The Naina Devi Temple, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, invites all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey.

Chhinnamastika Temple, Chintpurni, Himachal Pradesh
Located in the beautiful hills of Una, the Chhinnamastika Temple in Chintpurni is dedicated to Goddess Chhinnamastika. The temple’s origins predate recorded history and while the exact date of its establishment remains uncertain, local tradition attributes the temple’s founding to Pandit Mai Das, a Saraswat Brahmin, about 12 generations ago, approximately 300 years back. Over time, the village of Chhaproh where the temple was established came to be known as Chintpurni, after the eponymous deity. The temple’s location atop a hill not only provides a serene atmosphere for worship but also offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, enhancing the spiritual experience for devotees.

The temple is where the foot of Sati is said to have fallen. The Shakti at the Chhinnamastika Temple is known as Chhinnamastika Devi while the bhairava is known as Rudra Mahadeva. According to Markandeya Purana, goddess Chandi defeated the demons after a fierce battle but two of her yogini emanations, Jaya and Vijaya, were still thirsty for more blood. Goddess Chandi cut off her own head to quench Jaya and Vijaya’s thirst for more blood. Chhinnamasta, the headless goddess, is the great cosmic power who helps the sincere and devoted yogi to dissolve his or her mind, including all the preconceived ideas, attachments and habits into the pure divine consciousness. Cutting off the head suggests the separation of the mind from the body, that is the freedom of the consciousness from the material confines of the physical body.

According to Puranic traditions, Chhinnamastika Mata will be protected by Shiva – Rudra Mahadev in the four directions. There are four Shiva temples – Kaleshwar Mahadev in the east, Narayhana Mahadev in the west, Muchkund Mahadev in the north and Shiva Bari in the south – which are nearly equidistant from Chintpurni. In the garbha griha, the sanctum sanctorum of the temple, the image of Mata Chintpurni is installed in the form of a pindi – a round-shaped stone. The main shrine reveals images of three deities, the goddess flanked by her attendants, Jaya and Vijaya. Unlike many Hindu temples with elaborate idols, the main deity here is represented by the pindi, emphasising the formless aspect of the divine.

The temple comes alive during its numerous festivals and special occasions, including Navratri and Makar Sankranti. Observed on the Chaturdashi during the Shukla Paksha of the Vaishakha month, Chhinnamasta Jayanti commemorates the day when Goddess Shakti took the form of Mata Chhinnamasta. A fair is arranged during this auspicious celebration. Maha Shivaratri is also observed at the temple, highlighting the connection between Shiva and Shakti.

Another legend tells of Goddess Parvati bathing in the Mandakini river with her attendants. Losing track of time, she failed to notice her companions’ growing hunger. When she finally realized their plight, she beheaded herself to feed them with her blood. A variation of the bathing story tells that after slaying demons and drinking their blood, Goddess Chandi’s companions Jaya and Vijaya were still thirsty. The goddess then cut off her own head to satisfy their thirst. An oral tradition connects Chhinnamasta to the Samudra Manthan or the churning of the ocean episode. It’s said that she drank the demons’ share of the elixir of immortality and then beheaded herself to prevent them from acquiring it.

The Chhinnamastika Temple, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, invites all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey. The temple’s significance extends beyond its religious importance. It serves as a cultural centre, preserving ancient traditions and fostering community bonds.

Mahamaya Temple, Amarnath, Jammu & Kashmir
Located within the holy Amarnath Caves, the Mahamaya Temple lies at an altitude of 3,888 m and is believed to be over 5,000 years old. While the exact date of its establishment is unknown, the site’s sacred status stretches back millennia. The Amarnath cave itself is renowned for its naturally formed ice lingam, representing Lord Shiva, which forms each year. According to legend, it was in this cave that Lord Shiva imparted the secret of immortality to his consort Parvati.

A fascinating story from the 15th century adds another layer to the shrine’s history. It is said that a shepherd named Buta Mallik encountered a saint who gave him a bag of coal. Miraculously, upon reaching home, Buta found the coal had transformed into gold. When he returned to thank the saint, he instead discovered the holy cave containing the Shiva Linga. This tale spread, leading to increased worship at the site.

It is believed that Sati’s throat fell at this location, making devotees worship her as Mahamaya or the great illusion. The Bhairava is called Trisandhyeshwar.

Unlike many elaborate temple structures, the shrine is housed within a natural cave. The primary objects of worship – the ice lingam and the Shakti Peetha – are naturally formed. The journey to Amarnath is considered one of the most arduous pilgrimages in Hinduism. The difficult trek through snow-covered terrain is seen as a test of devotion and adds to the spiritual merit of visiting the shrine. Due to its high-altitude location, the shrine is only accessible for a short period during the summer months when the snow melts enough to allow pilgrims to make the journey. The site uniquely combines worship of both Shiva, in the form of the ice lingam, and Shakti, as the Mahamaya Peetha, making it significant for devotees of both deities.

The primary ritual for pilgrims is to have darshan or the sacred viewing of the naturally formed ice lingam, which represents Lord Shiva. Devotees offer prayers and perform rituals dedicated to Goddess Mahamaya, seeking her blessings and divine protection. A unique aspect of worship at this shrine is the offering of Vibhuti or sacred ash as prasad or offering to devotees. This ash is believed to carry the blessings of both Shiva and Shakti. The cave’s serene and spiritually charged atmosphere makes it an ideal place for meditation and the chanting of sacred mantras. The entire pilgrimage to Amarnath is filled with various rituals, from preparatory prayers before beginning the journey to specific observances along the trek.

The most significant period for the Mahamaya Shakti Peeth is during the annual Amarnath Yatra, which typically occurs in July and August. This pilgrimage attracts thousands of devotees who brave the challenging conditions to seek blessings at this sacred site. The month of Shravan in the Hindu calendar usually falls in July-August and is considered especially auspicious for the worship of Lord Shiva and visits to the shrine. While the shrine is not accessible during Maha Shivaratri, it is still an important day of worship and remembrance for devotees of the Amarnath shrine.

It is said that Lord Shiva chose this secluded cave to reveal the secret of immortality to Goddess Parvati, highlighting the site’s connection to profound spiritual wisdom. The tale of Buta Mallik’s miraculous encounter leading to the rediscovery of the holy cave in the 15th century adds a touch of wonder to the shrine’s history. Local legends speak of the goddess Mahamaya’s protective presence over the entire Amarnath region, safeguarding pilgrims on their arduous journey. Some interpretations suggest that the melting and reforming of the ice lingam each year symbolises the cycle of creation and dissolution in the universe, reflecting deep philosophical concepts.

The Mahamaya Shakti Peeth in Amarnath’s unique position high in the Himalayas, its naturally formed objects of worship, and its rich tapestry of legends and spiritual significance make it a truly special place in the landscape of Hindu pilgrimage sites. The story of the Mahamaya Shakti Peeth is ultimately a story of the meeting of earth and sky, of human devotion and divine grace. It teaches us about the power of faith to overcome obstacles, the importance of preserving our natural and spiritual heritage, and the eternal presence of the divine feminine in the cosmic dance of creation.