Ratnavali, Khanakul I, West Bengal
Also known as the Anandamayee Shakti Peeth, the Ratnavali Shakti Peeth is a sacred temple located in Khanakul-Krishnanagar, Hooghly district. Nestled on the banks of the Ratnakar River, this ancient shrine is dedicated to Maa Kumari, and Lord Shiva is worshipped as Bhairava.

It is believed that Sati’s right shoulder fell at this location in Khanakul-Krishnanagar. The temple has been a centre of devotion for centuries and is known locally as the Anandamayee Shakti Peeth. The name Ratnavali translates to a string of gems, symbolising the divine radiance and spiritual wealth associated with this sacred site. The current structure reflects traditional Bengali temple architecture and has undergone renovations over time to preserve its sanctity.

Goddess Sati is worshipped here as Maa Kumari, symbolising purity and divine energy. Lord Shiva is revered as Bhairava, representing his protective aspect. The right shoulder or dakshina skandha of Sati fell at this site.

The temple is situated on the tranquil banks of the Ratnakar River, adding to its serene ambiance. Devotees believe that the river’s waters carry divine blessings and often perform purification rituals before entering the temple. The sanctum sanctorum houses an intricately carved idol of Maa Kumari adorned with ornaments and flowers. Adjacent to her shrine is a smaller shrine dedicated to Bhairava, symbolizing Lord Shiva’s presence as her protector. The temple features traditional Bengali architecture with a curved roof or chala and terracotta designs on its walls. Its simplicity emphasizes spiritual connection over material grandeur. During Navratri, the temple becomes a hub of religious activity with grand decorations, cultural performances, and community feasts. Despite being located in a relatively remote area, the temple is well-connected by road and rail. Pilgrims often travel from Howrah or Kolkata to visit this sacred site.

Daily worship includes the morning and evening aartis and devotees offer flowers, especially hibiscus, fruits, sweets, incense sticks, and coconuts to Maa Kumari while chanting hymns like Durga Saptashati. Navratri is celebrated twice a year in March-April and September-October with great fervor. Special pujas are performed over nine days to honor Maa Kumari’s nurturing aspect. Devotees observe fasting during these nine days as an act of devotion. Durga Puja is one of the most vibrant festivals celebrated at Ratnavali Shakti Peeth. Elaborate rituals are conducted to honor Mahishamardini Durga’s victory over evil forces. The deity is adorned with new clothes and jewelry donated by devotees during this time.

Dedicated to Bhairava or Lord Shiva, Maha Shivratri involves night-long prayers and abhishekam with milk, honey, ghee, curd, and holy water. Devotees light oil lamps around the temple premises as part of their offerings. Havan ceremonies are conducted during auspicious occasions like Navratri and Shivratri to invoke divine blessings for prosperity and protection.

According to legend, when Sati’s right shoulder fell at this site after being dismembered by Vishnu’s Sudarshan Chakra, it radiated immense divine energy that sanctified the surrounding area. Devotees believe that this energy still permeates the temple premises, making it a powerful center for spiritual awakening. Local lore suggests that Bhairava appeared in his fierce form to protect this sacred site from negative energies after Sati’s right shoulder fell here. His presence ensures balance and harmony at Ratnavali Shakti Peeth. It is believed that devotees who pray earnestly at Ratnavali Shakti Peeth experience miraculous healing from ailments. Many pilgrims visit the temple seeking relief from physical and emotional hardships through Maa Kumari’s blessings.

The Ratnavali Shakti Peeth offers visitors a unique spiritual experience rooted in mythology, devotion, and natural beauty. Whether you seek spiritual solace or wish to explore India’s rich cultural heritage, visiting this ancient shrine will leave you feeling connected to the divine feminine energy.

Trishrota/Bhramari Devi, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal
The Bhramari Devi Temple, also known as the Trisrota Shakti Peetha, is a revered Hindu shrine located in Bodaganj village, Jalpaiguri district. Nestled on the banks of the Tista River, this temple is one of the 51 sacred Shakti Peethas, where it is believed that the thumb of Sati’s left leg fell.

The temple is named after Maa Bhramari, an incarnation of Goddess Durga who is associated with bees or bhramara in Sanskrit. According to legend, Maa Bhramari transformed into a swarm of bees to defeat a demon named Arun Asura who had terrorised heaven and earth. Her fierce yet protective nature earned her the title Goddess of Bees. Lord Shiva, worshipped here as Ambar Bhairava.

While the exact date of the temple’s construction remains unknown, it has been a center of devotion for centuries. The temple’s serene location on the banks of the Tista River adds to its spiritual ambiance and makes it an ideal destination for meditation and worship.

Maa Bhramari is known as the Goddess of Bees. Devotees believe that her divine energy manifests through bees that protect her temple. Honey, associated with bees, is offered as a sacred item during rituals. The temple is located on the banks of the Tista River, also known as Trisrota, meaning three streams. The river’s tranquil flow creates a serene environment that enhances meditation and spiritual practices. Unlike many temples that house stone or metal idols, Maa Bhramari is represented by a symbolic stone structure adorned with flowers and sacred cloths. The temple features traditional Bengali architectural elements with minimal ornamentation. Its natural setting amidst greenery adds to its charm. Devotees believe that Maa Bhramari possesses miraculous powers to heal ailments, bless couples with children, and protect devotees from evil forces.

The rituals at Trisrota Shakti Peetha reflect ancient Hindu traditions combined with local customs. Daily pujas are performed by priests who offer flowers, especially hibiscus, fruits, honey, incense sticks, and coconuts to Maa Bhramari. Morning Aarti begins at sunrise with chanting of hymns like Durga Saptashati. Evening Aarti concludes with lighting oil lamps around the temple premises. Bhramari Puja, a special 10-day festival dedicated to Maa Bhramari takes place annually in July-August. During this time the temple is decorated with flowers and lights, devotees offer honey as a sacred item, and cultural performances and community feasts are organised.

Navratri is celebrated twice a year in March-April and September-October with grand rituals honoring Maa Bhramari’s protective aspect. Devotees observe fasting during these nine days to seek blessings for prosperity and protection. Honey or madhu is considered sacred due to its association with bees and is offered daily at Maa Bhramari’s altar. Yagnas are conducted during auspicious occasions like Navratri to invoke divine blessings for health, wealth, and spiritual growth.

According to legend, Arun Asura was a cruel demon who terrorised heaven and earth after gaining immense power through penance. He drove out gods from their celestial abodes and harassed their families. In desperation, they sought help from Maa Parmeshwari, another form of Goddess Durga, who transformed into Maa Bhramari—a giant bee surrounded by swarms of bees. Maa Bhramari attacked Arun Asura with her swarm, piercing his chest repeatedly until he was defeated. This victory symbolises triumph over evil forces and establishes Maa Bhramari as a fierce protector.

Devotees believe that Maa Bhramari possesses miraculous healing powers. Many pilgrims visit the temple seeking relief from physical ailments or emotional distress after hearing stories of miraculous recoveries attributed to her blessings. It is said that those who offer honey at Maa Bhramari’s altar with sincere devotion often see their wishes fulfilled—whether related to financial stability, fertility, or personal growth.

The Trisrota Shakti Peetha with its unique rituals like honey offerings emphasise simplicity in worship while preserving ancient traditions. Whether you seek spiritual solace or wish to explore India’s rich cultural heritage, visiting this ancient shrine will leave you feeling connected to the divine feminine energy embodied by Maa Bhramari.

Nandikeshwari Temple, Sainthia, West Bengal
Believed to be where the necklace of Sati fell, the Nandikeshwari Temple, located in Sainthia, Birbhum district is dedicated to Maa Nandikeshwari, an incarnation of Goddess Durga. The origins of the Nandikeshwari Temple are deeply rooted in Hindu mythology. After Sati’s self-immolation during Daksha Yajna, Lord Vishnu dismembered her body with his Sudarshan Chakra to pacify Lord Shiva’s grief-stricken Tandava. It is believed that Sati’s necklace fell at this site in what was once known as Nandipur village, now part of Sainthia town. This event sanctified the location as one of the 51 Shakti Peethas.

The temple was constructed in 1913 CE, the year 1320 according to the Bengali calendar on an elevated platform. Over time, it has undergone renovations but retains its ancient charm. The name Nandikeshwari derives from Nandi, the sacred bull and follower of Lord Shiva, and Ishwari, meaning goddess. This etymology reflects the temple’s association with both Shiva and Shakti. Sainthia itself is derived from the Bengali term Sain, meaning Islamic priest, symbolising the region’s history of cultural coexistence. The temple stands on the banks of the Mayurakshi River.

Goddess Sati is worshipped here as Maa Nandikeshwari, symbolising divine protection and nurturing energy. Lord Shiva is revered here as Nandikeshwar Bhairava, representing his role as a guardian and protector. The necklace or mala of Sati is believed to have fallen at this site. The combination of Maa Nandikeshwari and Nandikeshwar Bhairava represents the union of nurturing feminine energy with protective masculine power, making this Shakti Peetha a site of immense spiritual significance.

The Nandikeshwari Temple stands out for its distinctive characteristics. The main idol in the temple is a black stone that has turned red over time due to the continuous application of vermilion by devotees. This stone is adorned with a silver crown and three golden eyes symbolizing divine vision. Devotees believe that touching or praying before this sacred stone brings blessings and fulfils wishes.

Adjacent to the temple is an ancient banyan tree where devotees tie red or yellow threads with prayers for wish fulfilment. This practice symbolises their faith in Maa Nandikeshwari’s divine grace. The temple features a pyramidal dome marking Maa Nandikeshwari’s sanctum. Surrounding it are smaller shrines dedicated to other deities like Lord Shiva, Ram-Sita, Radha-Krishna, Saraswati, Lakshmi-Narayana, and Hanuman. The walls overlooking the main temple feature carvings of the Dasa Mahavidya, the ten forms of Goddess Durga, symbolising her diverse manifestations.

The rituals at Nandikeshwari Temple reflect deep-rooted traditions combined with local customs. Daily pujas are performed by priests who offer flowers, fruits, coconuts, rice, incense sticks, and sweets to Maa Nandikeshwari. Morning Aarti begins at sunrise with chanting of hymns like Durga Saptashati, while evening Aarti concludes with lighting oil lamps around the temple premises.

The 10-day Nandikeshwari Utsav is a festival held annually in October-November is one of the most important events at the temple. During this time, the temple is adorned with flowers and lights, special yagnas are conducted to invoke divine blessings, and devotees from across India participate in cultural programs and community feasts. Celebrated on Buddha Purnima, the full moon day commemorating the birth of the Buddha, the festival of Baishakhi Purnima, involves special prayers and offerings at Maa Nandikeshwari’s altar. Devotees light lamps under the banyan tree to seek blessings for prosperity and happiness.

Kali Puja is celebrated with grand rituals honoring Maa Durga’s fierce aspect as Kali. Devotees offer red hibiscus flowers symbolic of power and victory over evil forces. On new moon nights or Amavasya, special Tantric rituals are conducted by priests to invoke Maa Nandikeshwari’s protective energy.

It is believed that when Sati’s necklace fell at this site, it radiated immense divine energy that sanctified not only Sainthia but also its surrounding regions. Devotees claim that this energy can still be felt within the temple premises during meditation or prayer. According to legend, tying threads around the banyan tree adjacent to the temple fulfills devotees’ wishes—whether related to health, prosperity, or personal relationships. Many pilgrims return annually to untie their threads as a gesture of gratitude after their wishes are fulfilled. Devotees believe that Maa Nandikeshwari possesses miraculous healing powers. Many visit the temple seeking relief from physical ailments or emotional distress after hearing stories of miraculous recoveries attributed to her blessings.

The Nandikeshwari Temple, on the banks of the Mayurakshi River provides an ideal setting for meditation and introspection. If one is seeking spiritual solace, visiting this ancient shrine will leave one connected to the divine feminine energy.

Bakreshwar Temple, Siuri Town, West Bengal
The Bakreshwar Temple, located in the Birbhum district, near Siuri Town, is also known as the Mahishamardini Shakti Peetha. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Mahishamardini, a fierce form of Durga, and Lord Shiva, worshipped here as Vakranath Bhairava. Nestled amidst serene surroundings on the banks of the Paaphra River, Bakreshwar Temple’s origins are deeply rooted in Hindu mythology and history. The name Bakreshwar is derived from two Sanskrit words: Vakra or curve or deformity and Ishwar or Lord, referring to Lord Shiva’s manifestation here as Vakranath. The temple complex is believed to have been established during ancient times, with its current structure dating back to 1761 AD, when it was rebuilt by King Darpanarayan.

It is believed that Sati’s eyebrows, symbolic of her mind fell at this location when Lord Vishnu dismembered her body with his Sudarshan Chakra to pacify Lord Shiva’s grief-stricken Tandava. This sanctified Bakreshwar as a Shakti Peetha. The temple also has historical ties to Sage Ashtavakra, who performed intense penance here for 10,000 years. His devotion led Lord Shiva to bless him and declare Bakreshwar a sacred site. The temple’s construction is attributed to Vishwakarma, the celestial architect, who built it on Shiva’s command.

Goddess Sati is worshipped as Mahishamardini, meaning the slayer of Mahishasura. Lord Shiva is worshipped as Vakranath Bhairava, symbolising his protective and meditative aspects. The portion between Sati’s eyebrows, symbolising her mind is believed to have fallen here.

The temple complex houses two main shrines: one dedicated to Goddess Mahishamardini and another to Lord Vakranath. This dual worship reflects the harmonious convergence of Shaivite and Shakta traditions. Bakreshwar is famous for its ten geothermal hot springs, which are considered sacred by devotees. These springs are believed to have been created by Lord Shiva’s tears when he carried Sati’s body. The most prominent spring is called Agni Kund, with water temperatures reaching up to 93°c. Devotees believe bathing in these springs purifies sins and cures ailments. The temple features intricate carvings and domes inspired by Oriya architectural styles. The sanctum houses a beautiful idol of Mahishamardini with ten hands slaying Mahishasura while seated on a lion. A shrine dedicated to Sage Ashtavakra lies within the temple complex. Devotees traditionally visit this shrine before entering the main sanctum. A unique red platform called Panchamukhi Asana or the seat of five skulls is used for Tantric rituals. It is believed that performing sadhana here enhances spiritual power.

The rituals at Bakreshwar Temple are deeply rooted in Tantric practices and traditional Hindu worship. The day begins with Mangala Aarti, the early morning prayers followed by offerings of flowers, fruits, coconuts, and sweets. Devotees chant hymns like the Mahishasura Mardini Stotram during pujas. Navratri is celebrated grandly with special rituals honoring Mahishamardini. Devotees offer red hibiscus flowers, symbolic of power and victory. Cultural programmes and community feasts are organised during this time. Dedicated to Vakranath Bhairava, Maha Shivratri involves night-long prayers and abhishekam, the ritual bathing with milk, honey, ghee, curd, and holy water. Bathing in the hot springs before entering the temple is considered an essential purification ritual for devotees. Tantriks perform esoteric rituals on the Panchamukhi Asana during auspicious nights like Amavasya or the new moon to invoke divine blessings.

One of the most popular legends associated with Bakreshwar revolves around Goddess Mahishamardini slaying the demon Mahishasura. According to Hindu mythology, Mahishasura terrorised heaven and earth with his tyranny. Unable to defeat him, the gods sought help from Goddess Durga, who manifested as Mahishamardini at this site. A fierce battle ensued between the goddess and Mahishasura at Bakreshwar. Armed with divine weapons in her ten hands and riding her lion mount, she vanquished the demon after days of combat. This victory symbolises the triumph of good over evil and establishes Bakreshwar as a site of immense spiritual power.

Sage Ashtavakra performed rigorous penance at Bakreshwar for 10,000 years after being cursed by Rishi Subrita during Satya Yuga, the age of truth. His body was twisted into eight deformities due to his anger but was healed by Lord Shiva after his intense devotion. Shiva not only cured him but also blessed him with enlightenment at this sacred spot. It is believed that those who worship Ashtavakra first before offering prayers at Vakranath Bhairava receive abundant blessings.

Another legend attributes Bakreshwar’s hot springs to Lord Shiva’s grief over Sati’s death. It is said that his tears fell on this land while carrying Sati’s body during his cosmic dance or Tandava, creating these geothermal springs as manifestations of his sorrowful energy. Devotees believe these springs possess healing properties due to their divine origin.

The Bakreshwar Temple offers a unique blend of spirituality, mythology, natural beauty, and cultural heritage. The convergence of Shaivite and Shakta traditions reflects India’s rich spiritual diversity while rituals like Tantric sadhana on Panchamukhi Asana make it an important center for esoteric practices. Whether you seek spiritual solace or wish to explore ancient traditions, visiting this sacred shrine will leave you enriched in mind and spirit!

Kankalitala Temple, Bolpur West Bengal
Located in the serene village of Kankalitala near Bolpur in Birbhum district, the Kankalitala Temple is dedicated to Goddess Sati, worshipped here as Kankaleshwari Devi, and Lord Shiva, revered as Ruru Bhairava. The temple holds immense spiritual significance as it is believed to be the site where Sati’s waist or kankal fell, sanctifying the location as a Shakti Peetha. Nestled on the banks of the Kopai River and surrounded by natural beauty, Kankalitala is a destination for devotees seeking divine blessings and spiritual solace.

According to legend, it is believed that Sati’s waist or kankal fell at this site, creating a depression in the earth that later filled with water to form a sacred pond or kund. The temple has been a center of devotion for centuries. Unlike many grand temples in India, Kankalitala stands out for its simplicity and natural surroundings. The sacred kund near the temple is considered the original form of the goddess at this Shakti Peetha and continues to be worshipped by devotees. The temple structure has undergone renovations over time but retains its ancient charm. The garbhagriha or sanctum sanctorum houses no traditional idol but instead features a large framed painting of Goddess Kali in her Dakshina Kali form, standing atop Lord Shiva.

Goddess Sati is worshipped as Kankaleshwari Devi, symbolising nurturing energy and protection. Lord Shiva is revered as Ruru Bhairava, representing his fierce yet meditative aspect. Sati’s waist or kankal is believed to have fallen here. The combination of Kankaleshwari Devi and Ruru Bhairava represents the union of nurturing feminine energy with protective masculine power, making this Shakti Peetha a site of immense spiritual energy.

The most sacred feature of Kankalitala is the kund or the pond, believed to have formed where Sati’s waist fell. Known as Dudh Pukur, this shallow pond is surrounded by protective walls and steps leading down to its waters. Devotees consider this kund to be imbued with divine energy. However, bathing or collecting water from it is strictly prohibited out of reverence for its sanctity. Unlike most temples that house idols made of stone or metal, Kankalitala features a framed painting of Goddess Kali in her Dakshina Kali form. This unique representation underscores the temple’s simplicity and spiritual focus. The garbhagriha or sanctum santorum is capped by a curved pyramidal roof adorned with a metal spire. Connected to it is a raised rectangular platform called the natmandir, which serves as an area for devotees to view the goddess and participate in rituals. The natmandir also provides respite from the sun and serves as a space for meditation and quiet reflection. Situated on the banks of the Kopai River, the temple offers a tranquil environment surrounded by greenery.

The rituals at Kankalitala Temple reflect traditional Hindu practices combined with local customs. The day begins with Mangala Aarti at dawn. Devotees offer flowers (especially hibiscus), coconuts, fruits, sweets, and incense sticks while chanting hymns dedicated to Goddess Kali. Navratri is celebrated grandly over nine days with special pujas honoring Kankaleshwari Devi. Devotees participate in rituals such as Kumari Puja, the worshipping young girls as manifestations of Shakti, and offer bhog made from rice, fruits, and sweets. During Durga Puja, elaborate rituals are performed to honor Mahishamardini Durga’s victory over evil forces. The temple witnesses large gatherings of devotees who come to seek blessings during this auspicious time.

Dedicated to Ruru Bhairava, Shivratri involves night-long prayers and abhishekam with milk, honey, ghee, curd, and holy water. On Sharad Poornima, the full moon night of the Hindu lunar month of Ashvin which falls in September/October and marks the end of the monsoon season, special prayers are held at the kund under moonlight to invoke divine blessings.

According to legend, when Sati’s waist fell at this site, it created a deep indentation in the earth that later filled with water from divine sources. This pond became known as Dudh Pukur due to its milky-white appearance under moonlight. Devotees believe that Sati’s waist bones lie beneath this pond, making it one of the most sacred features of Kankalitala. Another story explains why there is no traditional idol at Kankalitala Temple. It is said that when priests attempted to install an idol of Goddess Kali here, they experienced divine visions instructing them to preserve her presence through a painting instead. This framed image has since become the focal point of worship at this Shakti Peetha. Local lore suggests that Ruru Bhairava once appeared before devotees who were struggling with hardships and granted them boons after they prayed earnestly at his shrine within the temple complex.

The Kankalitala Temple on the banks of the Kopai River provides an ideal setting for meditation and introspection. Its unique features like the sacred kund and absence of traditional idols emphasise simplicity in worship while preserving ancient traditions. Whether one seeks spiritual solace or wishes to explore India’s rich cultural heritage, visiting this ancient shrine will leave one feeling connected to divine feminine energy.

Kiriteswari Temple, Kiritkona West Bengal
The ancient Kiriteswari Temple, located in the tranquil village of Kiritkona near Lalbagh in Murshidabad district is dedicated to Maa Kiriteswari, also known as Mukuteshwari, and Lord Shiva, revered here as Samvarta Bhairava. Known for its simplicity, spiritual energy, and unique rituals, the Kiriteswari Temple is one of Bengal’s oldest and holiest shrines.

According to legend, it is believed that Sati’s crown or kirit fell at this site in Kiritkona village, sanctifying it as a Shakti Peetha. The temple is one of the oldest in Bengal and has been a centre of devotion for over 1,000 years. Historical records indicate that the original temple was constructed in 1405 but was destroyed by a fire. The present structure was rebuilt in the 19th century by King Darpanarayan Roy of Lalgola. The temple served as the presiding deity for the ruling families of Murshidabad during its golden age. The temple’s architecture reflects a blend of Hindu, Buddhist, and Islamic styles, symbolising harmony and inclusivity. Despite its simplicity, it exudes an aura of divinity that draws devotees from across India.

Goddess Sati is worshipped as Vimala or Mukuteshwari, symbolising purity and divine power. Lord Shiva is revered as Samvarta Bhairava, representing his fierce yet protective aspect. Sati’s crown is believed to have fallen here. Unlike other Shakti Peethas where body parts fell, Kiriteswari is considered an Upa Peetha since an ornament, the crown, fell here instead. This makes it unique among the Shakti Peethas.

The temple does not house a conventional idol or deity. Instead, Maa Kiriteswari is represented by a red-colored stone placed on a high altar within the sanctum sanctorum. The red stone is veiled and is only unveiled during special occasions like Durga Puja Ashtami when it is given a sacred bath. The temple’s architecture reflects a blend of Hindu, Buddhist, and Islamic influences. Its garbhagriha, the sanctum sanctorum, features intricate carvings and a curved roof adorned with a metal spire. The original crown or kirit of Goddess Sati is preserved at Rani Bhabani’s Guptamath, located opposite the temple. Devotees believe this crown radiates divine energy and blessings.

The temple is often referred to as the sleeping place of Mahamaya due to its serene ambiance and association with Goddess Durga’s nurturing aspect. Local legends suggest that Nawab Mir Jafar sought Maa Kiriteswari’s blessings during his final days while suffering from leprosy. He requested her holy Charanamrita or sacred water, which reportedly alleviated his suffering.

Daily pujas are performed by priests who offer flowers, fruits, incense sticks, and sweets to Maa Kiriteswari. Devotees chant hymns like the Devi Mahatmyam during prayers. Durga Puja is celebrated with great fervour at this Shakti Peetha. On Ashtami, the eighth day of the Navaratri festival, special rituals are conducted where the red stone representing Maa Kiriteswari is bathed with milk, honey, ghee, curd, and holy water. A grand feast is organised on Ashtami that attracts thousands of devotees from nearby villages. On Sharad Poornima, special prayers are held under moonlight to invoke divine blessings. The Mahaprasad prepared in the temple kitchen using traditional methods is considered sacred by devotees who partake in it for spiritual fulfilment. Samvarta Bhairava’s shrine within the temple complex witnesses special pujas during Shivratri when devotees offer abhishekam with milk and water to seek his blessings for protection and prosperity.

According to legend, when Sati’s crown fell at this site, it radiated such immense divine energy that it created an aura visible across Murshidabad. Devotees believe this energy still permeates the area around Kiritkona village. Another intriguing story ties Nawab Mir Jafar to this sacred site. On his deathbed, while suffering from leprosy, he sought Maa Kiriteswari’s blessings through her holy Charanamrita. It is believed that her blessings eased his pain and brought him peace during his final moments. Rani Bhabani of Natore played a significant role in preserving Maa Kiriteswari’s legacy by safeguarding her crown at Guptamath. Her devotion ensured that future generations could continue worshipping the goddess with reverence.

The Kiriteswari Temple with its unique features like the absence of traditional idols emphasises simplicity in worship while preserving ancient traditions. Whether you seek spiritual solace or wish to explore India’s rich cultural heritage, visiting this ancient shrine will leave you feeling connected to the divine feminine energy embodied by Maa Kiriteswari.

Varahi Devi Temple, Panchsagar, Uttarakhand
The Varahi Devi Temple, located in the sacred land of Uttarakhand, in the town of Panchsagar is dedicated to Goddess Varahi. According to historical records, the temple’s present structure dates back to the 14th century, though much of its early history remains shrouded in mystery. According to tradition, it is believed that the lower teeth of Goddess Sati fell here. Interestingly, there is some debate about the exact location of this Shakti Peetha. While some sources place it in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, others identify it in Panchsagar, Uttarakhand.

At the Varahi Devi Temple, the goddess is worshipped as Varahi, a fierce form of Shakti. The name Varahi itself is significant, meaning with the face of a boar in Sanskrit. This unique representation of the goddess is closely associated with Lord Vishnu’s Varaha avatar. The Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva who accompanies the goddess at each Shakti Peetha, is known here as Maharudra.

Goddess Varahi is depicted with the head of a female boar, wearing a red sari and adorned with jewels. The temple is revered by all three branches of Sanatana Dharma – Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Shaktism. Unlike most temples, this shrine is open for only two hours daily, typically between 5:30 and 7:30 am. The temple is believed to be located near a sacred water body while the temple’s structure is said to glow uniquely when sunlight falls upon it, creating mesmerising views.

Despite its limited opening hours, the temple sees a constant flow of devotees offering prayers and seeking blessings. Navratri is celebrated with great gaiety at the temple, with Varahi Navaratri celebrated around June and July each year. Daily rituals include Kshirabhishekam or a milk bath and Kumkumarchana or a vermilion offering to the goddess. Sahasranamam and Ashtottara Shata Namavali are powerful chants that are recited during the daily pujas. The Rath Yatra is a major event celebrated with great devotion and festivals like Durga Puja, Vijaya Dashami, and Kalabham Festival are also celebrated with enthusiasm.

According to the Matsya Purana, Maa Varahi was created by Lord Shiva from the incarnation of Lord Vishnu’s Varaha avatar to slay a demon. She is primarily worshipped at night. It is said that there are two holes at the temple site, believed to be where Sati’s teeth fell. Legend has it that when someone tried to measure their depth years ago, he lost his power of sight. It is believed that Maa Varahi protects the holy city of Varanasi during the night, which is why the temple remains closed during the day. Some devotees believe that worshipping at this temple can help improve eyesight, likely connected to the legend of the unmeasured depth.

The Varahi Devi Temple, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith serves as a cultural centre, preserving ancient traditions and fostering community bonds. Its unique blend of Vaishnava, Shaiva, and Shakta traditions, coupled with its mysterious origins and limited accessibility, makes it a fascinating destination for both devotees and those interested in India’s spiritual heritage.

Attahas Temple, Attahas, West Bengal
The Attahas Temple, also known as the Phullara Shakti Peetha, is located in the village of Dakshindihi, near Katwa in Birbhum district. As one of the 51 Shakti Peethas, it is believed that this is where her lower lip is believed to have fallen. Here, the goddess is worshipped as Maa Phullora, symbolising blooming energy, and Lord Shiva is revered as Vishwesh Bhairava, her eternal consort and protector.

The origins of the Attahas Temple are deeply rooted in Hindu mythology and history. The name Attahas is derived from two Sanskrit words: Atta or excessive and Hasa or laughter, translating to loud laughter. This name is linked to the belief that Goddess Sati’s divine laughter resonates at this sacred site. The exact date of the temple’s establishment remains unknown, but archaeological evidence suggests that an ancient temple existed here centuries ago. The current structure was renovated and re-enshrined in 1915, after the original idol was moved to a museum for preservation. The temple houses a massive 15-foot-long stone that symbolises Sati’s lower lip, making it a unique representation among Shakti Peethas.

The temple’s location on the banks of the Ishani River, locally known as Kandor River, adds to its serene and spiritual ambience. Surrounded by natural beauty and dense forests, it is not only a place of worship but also a haven for environmentalists and birdwatchers who visit during December-January to observe migratory birds like Asian openbill storks and fruit bats.

As Goddess Sati is worshipped as Maa Phullora here, the name reflects her nurturing aspect that promotes growth and prosperity. Devotees offer items grown from the soil—such as grains, fruits, and flowers—as a symbol of gratitude for her blessings. Lord Shiva, in his fierce form as Bhairava, is worshipped here as Vishwesh, meaning Lord of the Universe. His presence ensures protection and balance at this powerful site of divine feminine energy.

Unlike conventional idols or murtis, the main deity at Attahas is represented by a massive stone measuring approximately 15 feet in length. This stone symbolises Sati’s lower lip and serves as a focal point for worship. The stone emanates an aura of divinity and uniqueness, making it one of the most distinctive representations among all Shakti Peethas. Though not grand in scale or opulence, the temple’s marble structure exudes elegance and serenity. Its understated design allows devotees to focus on spiritual connection rather than material grandeur. Adjacent to the main shrine is a smaller shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva as Vishwesh Bhairava, and Kal Bhairava.

A large pond near the temple holds immense religious significance. According to legend, Lord Hanuman collected 108 blue lotuses from this pond when Lord Rama required them for Durga Puja during his battle against Ravana. Devotees believe that bathing in this pond purifies sins and brings prosperity. The temple is surrounded by lush greenery and wildlife. Migratory birds like storks and butterflies add to its tranquil environment, attracting not just devotees but also nature enthusiasts.

The Attahas Temple follows traditional rituals steeped in Tantric practices and Shakta traditions. The day begins with Mangala Aarti or the early morning prayers, followed by offerings of flowers, especially hibiscus, coconuts, fruits, and grains. Devotees chant mantras dedicated to Maa Phullora while circumambulating the sanctum sanctorum. Navratri is celebrated with great fervour at Attahas. Special Tantric rituals are performed during these nine nights to invoke Maa Phullora’s blessings. Devotees offer anna bhoga or cooked rice offerings during these days as part of their prayers for prosperity.

A grand 10-day fair is held annually during Magh Purnima in January-February. Thousands of devotees gather at this time to offer prayers and participate in cultural programmes. The fair includes traditional music performances, stalls selling religious items, and community feasts. The temple is an important centre for Tantrik Shaktism. Many Tantriks perform rituals here seeking spiritual enlightenment or mastery over esoteric powers. These rituals often involve chanting mantras over specific yantras that are sacred geometric diagrams placed near Maa Phullora’s stone representation.

One legend explains how the name Attahas came into being. At Attahas, where her lower lip fell, it is believed that Shiva momentarily experienced divine laughter amidst his sorrow upon realising Sati’s eternal presence through these sacred sites. This laughter resonated across the cosmos and gave this place its name—Attahas or Loud Laughter. Another story links Lord Hanuman to this sacred site. During Lord Rama’s preparation for battle against Ravana in Lanka, he sought Maa Durga’s blessings through Durga Puja. As part of the ritual, he needed 108 blue lotuses. Hanuman searched far and wide until he discovered a pond near Attahas filled with these rare flowers. He collected them with devotion and presented them to Rama for his worship of Maa Durga. This act sanctified not only the pond but also reinforced Attahas as a site blessed by divine intervention.

An ancient terracotta inscription was discovered near the temple complex during archaeological excavations. While researchers are still deciphering its script, it is believed to contain information about early worship practices at Attahas or possibly references to Tantric rituals performed here centuries ago. This inscription adds an air of mystery to the temple’s history and underscores its significance as an ancient center of spirituality.

The Attahas Temple offers devotees a unique spiritual experience rooted in mythology, history, and natural beauty. Its distinct representation of Maa Phullora through a massive stone symbolising Sati’s lower lip sets it apart from other temples dedicated to Shakti. Whether you seek blessings for prosperity or wish to immerse yourself in serene surroundings steeped in divine energy, visiting this sacred site provides solace for both mind and soul.

Bahula Temple, Ketugram, West Bengal
Located in Ketugram village near Katwa in the Bardhaman district, the Bahula Temple is dedicated to Goddess Bahula, a manifestation of Shakti. The temple holds immense significance for devotees who come seeking blessings from the goddess, known for her nurturing and lavish nature. Here, Lord Shiva is worshipped as Bhiruk Bhairava, the divine protector of the Shakti Peetha.

The Bahula Temple is believed to date back to ancient times and is associated with the legend of Goddess Sati’s self-immolation during Daksha Yajna. It is said that Goddess Shakti’s left arm fell at this site in Ketugram and sanctified the location as a Shakti Peetha. The name Bahula has dual meanings: Bahu in Sanskrit means arm, signifying the part of Sati’s body that fell here, while Bahula translates to lavish or abundant, symbolising the prosperity and blessings bestowed by Goddess Bahula.

Historical records suggest that the temple was established by Raja Chandraketu, a local ruler who installed the stone idol of Goddess Bahula along with those of her sons, Lord Kartikeya and Lord Ganesha. Over time, the temple has undergone renovations but retains its ancient charm.

Goddess Sati is worshipped as Bahula, representing abundance and prosperity. Lord Shiva is revered as Bhiruk Bhairava, meaning one who has attained the highest levels of meditation or Sarvasiddhidayak or the grantor of all attainments.

The sanctum sanctorum houses a stone idol of Goddess Bahula in a serene form. She is depicted alongside her sons, Lord Kartikeya, symbolising war and fertility, and Lord Ganesha, representing auspicious beginnings and wisdom. The idol exudes simplicity yet radiates divine energy, drawing devotees into deep devotion. A separate shrine within the temple complex is dedicated to Bhiruk Bhairava, who protects this sacred site. His presence ensures balance and harmony at this powerful Shakti Peetha.

The temple features a spacious courtyard paved with red stone. This open space provides an area for meditation and spiritual reflection amidst the chiming of bells and chanting of mantras. The temple is located near the banks of the Ajay River, adding to its serene ambiance. The river is considered sacred by devotees who often take ritual baths before entering the temple. Unlike grand temples with elaborate carvings, the Bahula Temple boasts a simple yet elegant structure that emphasises spiritual connection over material grandeur.

The daily rituals and special ceremonies at Bahula Temple reflect deep-rooted traditions. The day begins with Mangala Aarti or early morning prayers at dawn. Devotees offer flowers, especially hibiscus, coconuts, fruits, sweets, and incense sticks as part of their prayers. Evening prayers include Sandhya Aarti followed by lighting lamps around the temple premises.

Navratri is celebrated with great grandeur at this Shakti Peetha. Special pujas are performed over nine days to honour Goddess Bahula’s nurturing aspect. Devotees offer bhog or sanctified food made from rice, fruits, and sweets during these celebrations. Durga Puja and Kali Puja are marked by elaborate rituals conducted by priests using tantric practices. Devotees participate in community feasts organised within the temple premises. Maha Shivratri is dedicated to Bhiruk Bhairava, where devotees perform night-long prayers seeking his blessings for spiritual growth and protection. Chhoti Navratri, a lesser version of Navratri celebrated in April includes yajnas or fire sacrifices performed to invoke divine blessings.

According to local lore, Raja Chandraketu was a devout follower of Goddess Shakti who had a vision instructing him to establish a temple at Ketugram where Sati’s left arm had fallen. Following this divine command, he installed stone idols of Goddess Bahula along with those of Kartikeya and Ganesha. It is said that Raja Chandraketu’s devotion was so intense that he never left empty-handed after praying at this temple—a belief that continues among devotees today. Another popular legend highlights how Maa Bahula blesses her devotees with prosperity and abundance. Farmers in Ketugram believe that offering prayers at this temple ensures bountiful harvests and protection from natural calamities.

The name Bahula, meaning lavish or abundant, reflects her role as a giver of wealth and well-being. Bhiruk Bhairava’s association with meditation as Sarvasiddhidayak has inspired many sages and ascetics to practice intense penance near this temple. It is believed that meditating here under Bhiruk Bhairava’s guidance leads to spiritual enlightenment and liberation from worldly attachments.

The Bahula Temple offers a unique spiritual experience rooted in mythology, history, and devotion. Its status as one of the 51 Shakti Peethas makes it a must-visit for devotees seeking divine blessings. The serene environment near Ajay River provides an ideal setting for meditation and introspection while the simple yet powerful representation of Maa Bahula through her stone idol emphasises humility in worship. Whether you seek prosperity or spiritual growth, visiting this ancient shrine will leave you feeling connected to divine feminine energy embodied by Maa Bahula!

Alopi Devi Mandir, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
Located in the ancient city of Prayagraj, formerly Allahabad, the Alopi Devi Mandir is dedicated to Goddess Alopi Devi. While the exact date of the establishment of the Alopi Devi Temple is uncertain, the temple’s roots are deeply intertwined with Hindu mythology and the legend of Goddess Sati. The temple’s location in Prayagraj, near the sacred confluence or Sangam of the Ganges, Yamuna, and the mythical Saraswati rivers, adds to its spiritual importance. This proximity to the Sangam has made it a significant pilgrimage site, especially during the Kumbh Mela, the world’s largest religious gathering.

Historical evidence suggests that the area around the temple saw development during the Maratha period. The Maratha warrior Shreenath Mahadji Shinde is credited with developing the Sangam area during his stay in Prayagraj in 1771-1772. Later, in the 1800s, Maharani Baizabai Scindia undertook renovation on the Sangam ghats and temples in Prayagraj.

According to tradition, it is believed that the fingers of Goddess Sati fell here. The name Alopi is significant, meaning disappeared in Hindi. This name is derived from the belief that this is where the last part of Sati’s body fell and disappeared from the earthly realm. The goddess is worshipped as Lalita Devi while the bhairav in this location is known as Bhaveshwar.

What makes the Alopi Devi Mandir truly unique is the absence of a traditional idol or statue. Instead, devotees worship an empty wooden palanquin or cradle or doli. This unconventional form of worship is believed to embody the divine, ever-present spirit of the goddess, offering blessings and protection to those who visit.

The temple showcases a harmonious blend of Hindu and Islamic architectural styles. It features a rectangular layout with a spacious courtyard surrounded by smaller shrines and pavilions. The temple is dominated by a tall shikhara or tower and a central dome adorned with intricate carvings and vibrant colours. The temple complex includes a sacred pond known as Kund, which holds immense religious significance and is used for various rituals. The temple walls feature intricate stone carvings depicting mythological scenes and divine beings. Its location near the holy confluence of the Ganges, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers adds to its spiritual significance.

The temple remains open from 7 am to 8 pm. The festival of Navratri is celebrated with special prayers, and rituals. Bhajans or devotional songs are performed, creating an aura of reverence and devotion. During the Maha Kumbh Mela, held every 12 years, the temple sees a significant increase in visitors. The temple is famous among locals for mundan or hair tonsuring ceremonies. Devotees offer prayers and seek blessings, especially for family welfare, protection, and the resolution of personal hardships.

According to local lore, the last remnant of Sati’s body, the palanquin or doli, vanished at this spot – hence the name Alopi, meaning disappeared. Many locals consider Alopi Devi as their guardian deity, believing in her power to protect and bless. Some devotees believe that as the last part of Sati’s body fell here, it makes this temple the holiest among all Shakti Peethas.

The Alopi Devi Mandir, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith invites all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey. The temple’s significance extends beyond its religious importance. It serves as a cultural cornerstone for Prayagraj’s residents, bridging centuries-old mythology with the present. Its unique form of worship, centered around an empty palanquin, offers a profound spiritual experience that sets it apart from other temples in India.

Vishalakshi Temple, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Located in Varanasi, one of India’s most ancient and spiritually significant cities, the Vishalakshi Temple is dedicated to Goddess Vishalakshi, meaning the one with large eyes. Archaeological evidence and ancient texts suggest that this location has been a place of worship for over two millennia. The temple’s importance is mentioned in several ancient Hindu texts, highlighting its longstanding significance in Hindu cosmology.

According to legend, the temple’s origins are tied to a pious devotee named Kaushalya. Her unwavering devotion to Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati was so intense that it moved the divine couple to grant her a vision. Impressed by her dedication, Goddess Parvati, in her form as Vishalakshi, instructed Kaushalya to build a temple in her name. This temple was to be a place where devotees could seek blessings for wisdom, knowledge, and spiritual insight. It is believed that the earrings or eyes of Goddess Sati fell at this sacred spot.

The temple showcases a unique blend of architectural styles. While the main structure follows the North Indian temple architecture, the entrance features a South Indian-style gopuram or ornate tower. This fusion of styles reflects the temple’s pan-Indian significance. The temple is part of a group of six points in Varanasi that symbolise Shastanga or six-fold yoga. The other five points include the Vishwanath Temple, the holy River Ganges, the Kala Bhairava Temple, the Dhudiraj Temple, dedicated to Lord Ganesha, and the Dandapani temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva.

The main deity, Goddess Vishalakshi, is depicted with large, mesmerising eyes, symbolising her all-seeing nature and divine wisdom. The temple houses several sacred objects, including a sculpted horse and an alternative image of Goddess Vishalakshi, which are used during special processions. Inside the temple complex, there is a unique feature where nine statues representing the planetary deities from Vedic astrology are placed upon a platform. These sculptures are regularly worshipped, connecting the celestial with the earthly realm. The bhairav in this temple is worshipped as Kala Bhairaveshwar

The temple follows a strict schedule of daily worship rituals performed by specially trained priests. The morning begins with an aarti, where priests chant hymns and offer flowers, incense, and lamps to the goddess. Devotees traditionally take a bath in the holy waters of the Ganges before offering worship to Goddess Vishalakshi. Devotees bring various offerings to the goddess, including coconuts, sweets, and red saris, which are considered auspicious gifts. Unmarried girls often pray to find a suitable partner, childless couples seek blessings for progeny, and those facing misfortune pray for a change in their circumstances. Given its status as a Shakti Peetha, the temple is also associated with certain Tantric rituals, though these are typically performed by initiated practitioners.

Festivals celebrated at the Vishalakshi Temple include the nine-night Navaratri festival, celebrated twice a year, in spring and autumn which is one of the most important events at the temple. During this time, the temple is elaborately decorated, and special pujas are conducted for the nine forms of the goddess. The Kajali Tij festival, held on the third day of the Hindu month of Bhadrapada, usually in August, is particularly significant for women devotees while the harvest festival, Makar Sankranti that marks the sun’s transit into Capricorn, is celebrated with great fervour at the temple. Ganga Dussehra, celebrating the descent of the Ganges River to Earth, holds special significance due to the temple’s proximity to the river. While not specific to this temple, the celebration of Durga Puja sees increased activity and devotion at the Vishalakshi Temple, given its connection to the divine feminine.

Katyayani Temple, Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh
Dedicated to Goddess Katyayani, the Katyayani Temple in the holy town of Vrindavan stands as a testament to the enduring power of faith and the rich tapestry of Hindu mythology. The spiritual significance of the temple predates its current structure, with references found in ancient Hindu texts. However, the present temple has a more recent history. It was constructed in 1923 by Yogiraj Swami Keshvanand Brahmachari, a devoted spiritual seeker. Swami Keshvanand spent nearly four decades traversing the Himalayas, meeting spiritual masters under the guidance of his guru, Shri Lahiri Mahasay. During his spiritual journey, he received a divine vision directing him to Vrindavan to fulfil an important spiritual mission – locating and establishing the Peethsthan or sacred site mentioned in the Puranas. The temple was consecrated on a full moon day of the Hindu month of Magh in 1923, which falls in February according to the Gregorian calendar. According to tradition, it is believed that the ringlets of the hair of Goddess Sati fell at this spot, making the temple a Shakti Peetha.

One of the most significant aspects of this temple is that it houses five separate deities representing five different sects or sampradayas of Hinduism. Each idol is worshipped according to its sampradaya’s specific methodology. The deities include Goddess Katyayani from the Shakta sampradaya, Lord Shiva from the Shaiva sampradaya, Lord Laxmi Narayan from the Vaishnava sampradaya, Lord Ganesha from the Ganapatya sampradaya, and Lord Surya from the Surya sampradaya. Additionally, Goddess Jagatdhatri Devi is also worshipped here.

The main idol of Goddess Katyayani is made of Ashtadhatu, an alloy of eight metals. This idol was installed after performing Sanatan Dharm rites by religious scholars from various parts of India, including Varanasi and Bengal. Within the temple, devotees also worship Uchawal Chandrahaas, the sacred sword of the Goddess. This unique aspect adds to the temple’s spiritual significance. The shakti is worshipped as Uma Devi while the bhairav is Bhuteshwar.

The temple showcases a unique blend of architectural styles. The exterior is made of white marble, while large pillars of black stone support the structure. This contrast creates a visually striking appearance. At the entrance to the main courtyard, two golden-colored lion statues stand guard. These lions represent the vahana or vehicle of Goddess Durga.

The temple follows a strict schedule of daily worship rituals performed by specially trained priests. The timings for these pujas are from 7 am to 11 am and between 5:30 to 8 pm. Priests chant the Durga Saptashati, also known as Chandi Path daily, invoking the blessings of the Goddess. The Shodashopachara is one of the most important rituals at the temple, involving sixteen different offerings made to the Goddess. These offerings include flowers, incense, lamps, and food items. Devotees perform Abhishekam, a ritual, which involves bathing the idol of Goddess Katyayani with sacred water, milk, honey, and other auspicious substances. This is believed to purify the idol and invoke the Goddess’s blessings. The recitation of sacred hymns, mantras, and prayers dedicated to Goddess Katyayani is an integral part of the worship here.

The Katyayani Shakti Peeth comes alive with numerous festivals throughout the year, attracting thousands of devotees from across India and beyond. The nine-night Navaratri festival, celebrated twice a year in spring and autumn, is one of the most important events at the temple. During Navaratri, the Durga puja is performed with the chanting of Shatchandi Path. Katyayani Vrat is a special observance dedicated to Goddess Katyayani, where devotees fast and offer prayers to her. The festival of colours, Holi, is celebrated here for five days, continuing a tradition that dates back to the time of Lord Krishna. Basant Panchami, the spring festival is celebrated with great devotion and is dedicated to Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, a famous saint who played a significant role in reviving the spiritual essence of Vrindavan. Krishna Janmashtami marks the birth of Lord Krishna and is celebrated with great fervour. Devotees observe fasts and participate in midnight celebrations. Diwali is another important celebration at the Shakti Peeth.

Several stories and legends are associated with the temple. According to legend, the Gopis of Vrindavan worshipped Goddess Katyayani on the banks of the Yamuna River to receive her blessings and have Lord Krishna as their consort. It is said that the Goddess blessed them, and they attained the supreme state of devotion, performing the Maharaas or Krishna consciousness. In Vrindavan, it is said that the Gopis used to make a statue of Goddess Katyayani out of the sand from the banks of the Yamuna River. They would worship this statue and ask for Lord Krishna to be their husband. This practice is known as Katyayani-vrata and is remembered by devotees even today. There is a popular belief that Goddess Katyayani blesses young unmarried girls who pray to her. It is said that girls who offer prayers at the temple will be blessed with a good husband. The Shrimad Bhagwat Puran mentions that Lord Vishnu directed Yogmaya, his Shakti, to appear in Brij as the daughter of Nandbaba and Yashoda before He himself was to be born there as Krishna avatar for the establishment of Dharma or righteousness in this world.

The Katyayani Shakti Peeth stands as a testament to the enduring power of faith and the rich tapestry of Hindu mythology. As a Shakti Peetha that celebrates the divine feminine in its multiple forms, it continues to captivate the hearts and minds of devotees and scholars alike. The temple’s unique position within Vrindavan, its distinctive rituals, and its historical significance make it a crucial piece in understanding the spiritual landscape of India.

In our modern world, where the role of women and the feminine principle is being reevaluated and celebrated, the Katyayani Shakti Peeth offers a timeless perspective on the power and wisdom of the divine feminine. It reminds us of the importance of balance between masculine and feminine energies, both in spiritual practice and in everyday life.

Sri Kanchi Kamakshi Amman Temple, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu
Located in the ancient city of Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu, the origins of the Kanchi Kamakoti Temple are as complex as they are controversial. Traditional accounts, passed down through generations of devotees, attribute its founding to the revered philosopher Adi Shankara in 482 BC.

Scholarly research suggests a more recent establishment, dating back to the early 19th century. In 1821, the Maratha king of Tanjore, Serfoji II Bhonsle, established what was initially known as the Kumbakonam Mutt as a branch of the Sringeri Mutt. This institution would later evolve into what we now know as the Kanchi Kamakoti Temple.

In 1842 when the East India Company, in a controversial move, appointed the head of the mutt as the sole trustee of the Kamakshi temple in Kanchipuram, marked a significant turning point in the temple’s history and set the stage for its rise to prominence, despite protests from the traditional priests.

The temple is dedicated to Goddess Kamakshi, a form of the divine feminine often associated with Parvati. The temple is said to be where Shakti’s spine fell down on earth.

As one steps into the main sanctum, their gaze is immediately drawn to the mesmerising idol of Goddess Kamakshi. Unlike many other temples where the deity stands or reclines, here Kamakshi sits in the Padmasana or lotus pose, her four arms holding symbolic items: a noose, a goad, a sugarcane bow, and a flower arrow.

The temple’s architecture is a harmonious blend of styles, reflecting the various influences it has absorbed over time. The towering gopuram or temple tower reaches towards the sky, its intricate carvings telling stories of divine exploits and cosmic battles. Inside, the Gayatri Mandapa houses the main idol, its 24 pillars said to represent the 24 syllables of the Gayatri Mantra. One of the most intriguing features of the temple is the Sri Yantra placed in front of the main idol. Legend has it that this powerful geometric symbol was installed by Adi Shankara himself.

The prayers and rituals at the Kanchi Kamakoti Temple begins with the Gau Pooja and Gaja Pooja, honouring the sacred cow and elephant respectively. Throughout the day, four main worship services are offered, each accompanied by its own set of rituals and offerings. Devotees queue patiently, waiting for their chance to receive darshan of the goddess and offer their prayers. One of the most unique aspects of worship here is the presence of multiple forms of the goddess within the same temple complex. To the right of the main idol, one’ll find Tapa Kamakshi, depicted as a yogini in a balancing pose. To the left is Anjana Kamakshi, also known as Arupa Lakshmi, representing the formless aspect of the goddess.

The annual Brahmotsavam, held in the Tamil month of Masi, February-March according to the Gregorian calendar, is a grand affair lasting ten days. The highlight of this festival is the Maasi Pooram, considered the manifestation day of Lalitha Maha Tripura Sundari in Kanchipuram. During Navaratri, the temple becomes a hub of activity, with special pujas performed each day to honor the nine forms of the goddess. The air is filled with the heady aroma of flowers and incense, and the sound of devotional music echoes through the halls.

Adi Kamakshi Amman Temple, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu
Nestled in the ancient city of Kanchipuram in Tamil Nadu, the Adi Kamakshi Amman Temple stands as a testament to centuries of devotion and spiritual significance. This sacred shrine, dedicated to Goddess Kamakshi, is not just a place of worship but a powerful symbol of divine feminine energy that has drawn pilgrims for millennia.

While the exact date of the Adi Kamakshi Amman Temple is not certain, historical records and legends suggest that the temple’s roots may reach back to the 7th century. The temple is believed to have been founded by the Pallava kings, who ruled Kanchipuram as their capital from the 5th to 8th centuries. Over the centuries, the temple has undergone numerous renovations and expansions by various ruling dynasties. The Cholas are credited with modifications in the 14th century, while the Vijayanagara rulers made further enhancements in the 17th century. Some legends even suggest a more recent construction date of 1783 for certain elements of the temple.

The temple’s history is deeply intertwined with the life of Adi Shankaracharya, the revered 8th-century philosopher and theologian. It is believed that Adi Shankaracharya consecrated the Sri Chakra, a mystical diagram representing the cosmos, in this temple, enhancing its spiritual significance.

According to tradition, it is believed that the navel or nabhi of Goddess Sati fell at this sacred spot. The Shakti Peetha here is known as Kanchi Kamakshi, and the temple is often referred to as the Kanchi Kamakshi Amman Temple. The name Kamakshi means she whose eyes awaken desire in Sanskrit. The goddess is worshipped here as Kamakshi, a benign form of Parvati. She is depicted in a unique seated posture called padmasana, with four hands holding a rope or pasa, an elephant goad or ankusa, sugarcane bow or bana, and a bunch of five flowers as arrows or pushpa bana.

In front of the sanctum is the Sri Chakra installed by Adi Sankaracharya. It is said that after the consecration of the Sri Chakra, the fierce form of the goddess became benign or sowmya. The main sanctum houses a sacred space called Bilaakasha, from which Goddess Kamakshi is believed to have emerged to slay demons. The temple complex includes a shrine to Adi Varaha Perumal or Lord Vishnu, also known as Kalvar, which is one of the 108 Divya Desams. The Gayatri Mandapam houses the idols of Goddesses Varahi, Rupalakshmi, Arupalakshmi, and Ardhanarishwara. A pillar near the Kamakshi Amman shrine is worshipped as Santhana-stambham, connected to the story of King Dasaratha praying for progeny. The temple complex houses several other shrines dedicated to various deities including Utsava-Kamakshi, Bangaru-Kamakshi, and Kasi Vishwanatha.

The temple follows a strict schedule of four daily pujas. Brahmotsavam, the temple’s annual festival, typically held in the Tamil month of Maasi in February-March, is a grand celebration. The Silver Chariot Festival on the 7th day is particularly spectacular. Navaratri is celebrated with great grandeur, featuring special pujas and cultural performances. Every Friday at 7 pm, the Golden Chariot is taken in a procession around the temple, creating a deeply spiritual atmosphere. Other festivals, including Aadi, Aippasi Pooram, Sankara Jayanthi, and Vaikasi Vasanta Utsavam are also celebrated with enthusiasm at the temple. Special rituals are performed on the full moon day or Pournami of every month.

It is believed that Goddess Kamakshi was originally a fierce deity. After Adi Sankaracharya installed the Sri Chakra, she transformed into a benign and compassionate form. The Santhana-stambham in the temple is associated with the story of King Dasaratha of Ayodhya, who is said to have prayed here for progeny. A legend speaks of a golden statue of Kamakshi that was carried throughout South India after the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire in 1565. It was finally enshrined in this temple in 1783. According to local lore, Goddess Kamakshi created a mud idol of Lord Shiva in Kanchi to worship him. To test her devotion, Lord Shiva incarnated as the Kamba River with high tides. The Goddess protected the idol by grasping it closely, leading to the establishment of Kanchipuram. Another legend tells of Kamakshi performing a penance on a needle tip surrounded by five fires or Panchakagni to free herself from worldly desires. Pleased with her devotion, Lord Shiva married her.

As you stand in the temple courtyard, surrounded by centuries of devotion and the echoes of ancient rituals, you can’t help but feel a connection to the spiritual heritage that has shaped this land for millennia. The Adi Kamakshi Amman Temple, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith invites all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey.

Tripura Sundari temple, Radhakishorepur Village, Udaipur, Tripura
The Tripura Sundari Temple, which is located about 55 km from Agartala, near the village of Radhakishore, in the city of Udaipur is dedicated to Goddess Tripura Sundari. The goddess lends her name to the state of Tripura.

The origins of the Tripura Sundari Temple stretch back to the late 15th century. According to historical records, the temple was founded by Maharaja Dhanya Manikya, who ruled over Tripura in the closing years of the 15th century. The king had a divine vision in which Goddess Tripura Sundari instructed him to initiate her worship on the hilltop near the town of Udaipur, the then capital of the kingdom. The temple came into being around the year 1501 CE, making it over 500 years old.

Interestingly, the king initially found that a temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu already existed on the hillock. This presented a dilemma, as he was unsure how to reconcile the worship of Vishnu with the installation of a Shakti idol. However, a second divine vision resolved this conflict, revealing to the king that Vishnu and Shakti were different forms of the same Supreme Deity or Brahman. This resolution exemplifies the syncretic nature of Hinduism, bridging the gap between Vaishnava and Shakta traditions.

According to tradition, it is believed that a part of the right foot or the Dakshin Charan of Sati, including the big toe, fell at this sacred spot. At the Tripura Sundari Temple, the goddess is worshipped as Tripurasundari, also known locally as Devi Tripureshwari. She is considered the third mahavidya and a main form of Parvati. The accompanying Bhairava, the fierce manifestation of Lord Shiva who is present at each Shakti Peetha, is known here as Tripuresh.

The main shrine houses two similar but different-sized black stone idols of the Goddess. The larger and more prominent idol, standing at 5 feet in height, represents Goddess Tripura Sundari. The smaller idol, affectionately called Chhoto-Ma or Little Mother, is 2 feet tall and represents Goddess Chandi.

The temple is set upon a small hillock that resembles the hump of a tortoise or Kurma. This shape, called Kurmaprsthakrti, is considered the holiest possible site for a Shakti temple. The main shrine is a cubical edifice with a three-tier roof and a finial, constructed in the Bengali Ek-ratna style. The smaller idol of Goddess Chandi was said to have been carried by the kings of Tripura to the battlefield as well as on hunting expeditions, linking the temple to the royal history of Tripura. On the eastern side of the temple lies the famous Kalyan Sagar lake, home to fishes and tortoises of enormous size. Devotees feed these creatures with puffed rice and biscuits, and fishing is strictly prohibited in this sacred water body.

The temple remains open from 6 am to 10 pm. The day begins with a morning aarti, setting the spiritual tone for the day. A special puja is performed at midday, marking the sun’s zenith. The day’s worship concludes with an evening aarti. A unique aspect of the temple is the Panchamrit Abhishekam, a sacred bath of the deity with five different nectars.

Every year on Diwali, a famous Mela or fair takes place near the temple, attracting more than 200,000 pilgrims. Navaratri is celebrated with great fervour with mantras recited daily by learned Brahmins, and women performing a havan on Ashtami, the eighth day. Durga Puja and Kali Puja are among the most celebrated at the temple, drawing large crowds of devotees. The Purnima Fair is held every full moon day, attracting pilgrims from various regions. Sindoor Utsav is a unique celebration that marks the culmination of Navaratri, where devotees smear each other with vermilion, symbolising the victory of good over evil.

The temple’s origin is linked to the divine vision of Maharaja Dhanya Manikya, who was instructed by the goddess to establish her worship at this site. The story of how the temple transitioned from a Vishnu shrine to a Shakti Peetha illustrates the fluid nature of Hindu worship and the underlying unity of different divine manifestations. The smaller idol of Goddess Chandi, carried by Tripura’s kings into battle and on hunts, speaks to the deep connection between royal power and divine protection in the region’s history. The prohibition of fishing in the Kalyan Sagar and the practice of feeding the aquatic life there reflects the Hindu principle of respect for all forms of life.

As you stand in the temple courtyard, surrounded by centuries of devotion and the echoes of ancient rituals, you can’t help but feel a connection to the spiritual heritage that has shaped this land. The Tripura Sundari Temple, with its blend of myth, history, and living faith, continues to be a powerful force in Tripura, inviting all who visit to partake in its timeless spiritual journey.