International Women’s Day (IWD), celebrated annually on March 8, is a global occasion dedicated to recognising the achievements of women and advocating for gender equality. This day has its roots in the early 20th century, emerging from labour movements and the suffrage movement in North America and Europe. Its significance has evolved over the years, becoming a focal point for women’s rights and empowerment across various sectors.
The origins of International Women’s Day can be traced back to February 28, 1909, when the Socialist Party of America organised the first National Woman’s Day in New York City. This event responded to the growing unrest among women regarding their working conditions, pay disparities, and voting rights. The following year, Clara Zetkin, a German activist, proposed the idea of an international women’s day during the second International Conference of Working Women in Copenhagen. Her proposal aimed to unify women across nations in their struggle for equal rights, and it was met with unanimous approval from over 100 women representing 17 countries.
The first official International Women’s Day was celebrated on March 19, 1911, in Austria, Denmark, Germany, and Switzerland, where more than one million people participated in rallies advocating for women’s rights to work, vote, and hold public office. However, it wasn’t until March 8 became established as the global date for IWD after a significant event in Russia in 1917. On this day, women in Petrograd staged a strike demanding bread and peace amid World War I. This protest marked a pivotal moment that contributed to the Russian Revolution and solidified March 8 as International Women’s Day.
The United Nations theme for 2025 IWD is “For ALL Women and Girls: Rights. Equality. Empowerment.” This theme underscores the urgent need to create a world where every woman and girl, regardless of background, has access to equal rights, opportunities, and empowerment. Marking the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, this year’s theme reflects on the progress made since 1995 while emphasising the unfinished work in achieving gender equality. The Beijing Declaration remains a landmark global commitment to advancing women’s rights, yet systemic barriers such as violence, discrimination, and economic disparities continue to hinder progress. The UN’s campaign calls for action in three critical areas: advancing women’s rights by fighting all forms of violence and exploitation, promoting gender equality by dismantling patriarchal systems and amplifying marginalized voices, and fostering empowerment through inclusive access to education, leadership roles, and economic opportunities. With just five years left to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this theme serves as a rallying cry for governments, organizations, and individuals to accelerate efforts toward building a feminist future where no one is left behind.
The International Women’s Day (IWD) organisation has chosen #AccelerateAction as its 2025 campaign theme. This theme highlights the pressing need to hasten progress toward gender equality in light of persistent inequalities across various sectors. According to recent data from the World Economic Forum, at the current pace, it will take over 130 years to achieve full gender parity globally—a timeline that is unacceptable for millions of women facing systemic challenges today. #AccelerateAction focuses on driving bold and decisive interventions at all levels—political, corporate, and grassroots—to dismantle barriers such as unequal pay, limited educational access, and underrepresentation in leadership roles. The campaign also emphasises recovering lost ground caused by crises like the COVID-19 pandemic, which disproportionately impacted women through job losses and increased caregiving burdens. By calling on individuals and institutions to step forward in solidarity, this theme seeks to inspire collective action that not only addresses immediate challenges but also fosters long-term systemic change. The message is clear: gender equality cannot wait another century; it requires urgent action now.
The theme of ‘March Forward’ serves as a reminder that progress is not merely about reflection but about taking actionable steps towards achieving a truly equal future for all women and girls. This theme calls for collective efforts to dismantle persistent barriers to gender equality and to ensure that commitments translate into real change. The IWD 2025 theme encourages everyone to take bold steps in the ongoing fight for gender equality.
International Women’s Day is not only a celebration of women’s achievements but also a vital reminder of the ongoing struggle for gender equality worldwide. As we look toward, it is crucial to continue advocating for women’s rights across all sectors. By investing in women and girls today, we pave the way for a more equitable future for generations to come.