Sacred Stones, Spaces, and Stories: Jyotirlingas Part 11 – Nageshwar Temple

Situated near the ancient coastal city of Dwarka in Gujarat, the Nageshwar Temple stands as one of the revered twelve Jyotirlingas dedicated to Lord Shiva. Known as Nageshwar or Naganath, meaning Lord of the Serpents, this temple combines powerful spiritual symbolism with mythological richness. The temple has special significance as a protector from snakebites and poisons, both literal and metaphorical, offering devotees liberation from earthly and spiritual toxins. Nestled in a region steeped in Krishna lore and early Hindu civilisation, Nageshwar Temple reflects both timeless faith and regional cultural vibrancy, drawing countless seekers seeking solace, protection, and the light of Shiva.

Nageshwar Temple’s deep mythology intertwines Shiva’s cosmic power with tales of demons, devotion, and divine protection. According to the Shiva Purana, a treacherous demon named Daruka lived in a forest area called Darukavana, along with his wife Daruki. Daruka and Daruki were empowered by Parvati through severe penance, becoming ruthless obstructors of spirituality. They imprisoned the sage and great devotee of Shiva, Supriya, along with many others.

Supriya continued worshiping Shiva with unwavering devotion, performing daily rituals, chanting the sacred Maha Mrityunjaya mantra, and adorning himself with sacred ash or bhasma and rudraksha beads. Moved by this steadfast faith, Shiva manifested in the form of a Jyotirlinga to defeat Daruka and liberate the devotees. The cosmic battle resulted in Shiva’s victory and the establishment of the Nageshwar Jyotirlinga at the site.

Nageshwar is closely associated with serpents; Lord Shiva is often pictured wearing a cobra around his neck, symbolising his power over deadly forces and his role as protector against poisons in the body and mind. It is believed that worshipping at Nageshwar grants liberation from snakebites and spiritual toxins like sin and illusion, or maya.

Local legend also ties Nageshwar to the Pandavas of the Mahabharata. It is said that during their exile, Bhima discovered a self-manifested Shiva lingam beneath the sea (or river) waters, which became the basis for this temple, fortifying its sanctity as part of the cosmic cycle of dharma and divine protection.

Nageshwar Temple’s history spans ancient lore and royal patronage across centuries. The temple’s ancient significance is mentioned in the Shiva Purana and other scriptures, identifying Darukavana near Dwarka as its legendary location. Archaeological artefacts and inscriptions confirm the temple’s existence since early medieval times.

The temple was constructed in its present form in the 16th century, with notable renovations under regional rulers who patronised Hindu temples to affirm cultural identity during times of political change. The temple’s upkeep was continuous, surviving sometimes harsh coastal weather and occasional political turmoil.

The proximity of Nageshwar to the Krishna-centric city of Dwarka adds to its importance. Dwarka, one of the sacred Char Dham, shares a deep theological and pilgrimage link with Nageshwar, highlighting the unity of Shiva and Krishna worship.

The Nageshwar Temple shows a blend of traditional Gujarati and Somnath temple architectural styles, expressive yet solemn. The temple is made primarily of sandstone and adorned with intricately carved pillars and arches. Its towering shikhara rises prominently over the sanctuary, adorned with intricate carvings depicting Shiva, snakes, and Hindu motifs. The temple courtyard allows pilgrims to circumambulate and participate in collective worship with ease. The main sanctum contains the self-manifested Jyotirlinga, decorated with a silver serpent symbolising Shiva’s protective power. Exquisite relief carvings on the temple walls portray mythological scenes relating to Shiva, the demon Daruka, and the cosmic dance of destruction and creation. The sanctum also features a statue of Goddess Parvati, reinforcing the divine union central to Shaiva tradition.

Daily rituals imbue the temple with sacred energy and community connection. The lingam is bathed with holy water, milk, and honey, accompanied by chanting of mantras and Rudra stotras. Morning, noon, and evening aarti ceremonies fill the temple with the sound of bells, conch shells, and devotional music. Devotees present bilva leaves, flowers, metal snakes, and sacred ash to receive blessings. Unique rituals to remove Sarpa Dosha (snake-related afflictions in horoscopes) are prominent here. The temple is a centre for Nag Panchami celebrations, dedicated to serpent worship. Other festivals include Mahashivaratri, when massive crowds attend a night of continuous worship, and regional fairs drawing thousands. Local priests, artisans, and residents actively participate in temple upkeep and festival organisation, blending devotional fervour with cultural tradition.

Nageshwar Temple is integral to pilgrimages in the coastal and western Gujarat region. Located about 17 km from Dwarka city, it is connected by road and served by Dwarka Airport and railway stations. Pilgrims often combine visits here with Somnath and other nearby spiritual sites for an enriching pilgrimage experience. Accommodations range from basic dharamshalas to guest houses. Local cuisine reflects Gujarati coastal flavours. The temple’s peaceful surroundings, near the Arabian Sea coast, enrich the pilgrim’s spiritual and sensory experience. Devotees recount stories of protection from snakebites, fulfilment of vows, and divine appearances. The temple’s potent energy is frequently described as calming, protective, and transformative.

Nageshwar Temple has deep roots in regional tradition and broader Hindu spirituality. The temple and its legends appear in Gujarati and Sanskrit devotional literature. Folk songs and bhajans composed in praise of Nageshwar are performed during festivals, permeating the local cultural soundscape. Temples in the region incorporate serpent motifs, inspired by Nageshwar’s emblematic snake. Regional artisans produce religious icons and crafts influenced by the temple’s themes. Nageshwar is integral to the spiritual and cultural identity of the Saurashtra region and coastal Gujarat.

Today, Nageshwar Temple thrives as a spiritual centre, adapting to contemporary needs. The temple is managed by local temple trusts and Gujarat’s tourism department, ensuring smooth religious ceremonies and visitor services. There are increasing numbers of national and international visitors, particularly during Nag Panchami and Mahashivaratri, which boosts the local economy while preserving heritage. Conservation and upgrades are ongoing while restoration maintains temple structures and art. Infrastructure improvements accommodate growing pilgrim flows while respecting temple sanctity.

Nageshwar Temple in Dwarka embodies the potent divine power of Shiva as Lord of Serpents, protector from hidden dangers, and bestower of spiritual liberation. Rooted in ancient mythology and resilient history, it stands as a vital pillar among the twelve Jyotirlingas. For devotees and travellers alike, Nageshwar offers a unique blend of faith, myth, culture, and nature—an eternal sanctuary where the cosmic and earthly intertwine in timeless worship.

Sacred Stones, Spaces, and Stories: Jyotirlingas Part 2 – Somnath Temple

Somnath Temple, located in Prabhas Patan near Veraval on the western coast of Gujarat, India, is renowned as the first among the twelve sacred Jyotirlinga temples of Lord Shiva. Revered as Somnath, which means “Lord of the Moon,” the temple is intimately tied to ancient Hindu mythology and spiritual tradition. Positioned at the confluence of three rivers: Kapila, Hiran, and Saraswati, Somnath is not only a centre of profound religious significance but also a testimony to India’s enduring faith, resilience, and heritage. The temple serves as a radiant beacon for devotees seeking spiritual upliftment and a connection to the divine cosmic light that Shiva embodies.

The legends surrounding Somnath are as ancient as they are captivating, weaving together cosmic elements and divine intervention. The temple’s origins trace back mythologically to the Moon God, Soma or Chandra, who, according to legend, was cursed by his father-in-law, Daksha, for favouring his wife Rohini over his 27 other wives. This curse gradually dimmed Soma’s luminescence, threatening his celestial brilliance.

Desperate to redeem himself, Soma came to this sacred confluence, bathed in the Saraswati River, and prayed intensely to Lord Shiva for relief. Impressed by his devotion, Shiva lifted the curse, restoring Soma’s radiance, symbolising the waxing and waning moon cycles. In gratitude, the Moon God established the first temple of Lord Shiva here, dedicating it as Somnath, the protector of Soma’s lost lustre.

Another symbolic legend connects Somnath to the mythical Syamantaka jewel, associated with Lord Krishna, intertwining it with epic lore. The temple is also seen as a place where Lord Shiva manifests directly in the form of a Jyotirlinga, a column of radiant, unending light, representing the formless infinite. Devotees visit Somnath believing it to be a gateway to the divine and a powerful purifying force for the soul.

Somnath’s history is a tapestry of spiritual glory, cultural riches, repeated devastations, and resilient restoration. It is one of the earliest known Hindu pilgrimage sites, mentioned in sacred texts like the Skanda Purana and the Rigveda. Its sanctity as a Jyotirlinga dates back thousands of years.

The temple site, originally called Prabhas, was visited by ancient kings, including the Gurjara-Pratihara Nagabhata II in the 9th century. The first major stone temple is believed to have been constructed or renovated by the Solanki ruler Bhima I in the 10th century. However, Somnath is no stranger to destruction. It was famously looted and demolished by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1025 AD, an event deeply etched in Indian history. Though he broke and took rich temple treasures, the temple’s sacred Jyotirlinga was said to have been protected or quickly restored by faithful custodians, and the site continued as a pilgrimage destination. Over the centuries, Somnath experienced multiple waves of destruction by invaders and periodic restorations by devout kings like the Chaulukya ruler Kumarapala in the 12th century.

In the medieval period, the temple was sacked again in 1299 by Alauddin Khalji’s forces. Yet, the resilience of Somnath is legendary, each destruction was met with reconstruction, underscoring the indomitable spirit of Hindu worshippers. The most momentous reconstruction in modern times was completed in 1951, spearheaded by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, India’s first Deputy Prime Minister, as a symbol of India’s unity and revival after independence.

Today’s Somnath Temple blends tradition and grandeur in its architecture, reflecting the classic Chalukyan style infused with contemporary architectural revivalism. Positioned majestically on a rocky promontory overlooking the Arabian Sea, the temple’s striking silhouette is a blend of solid stonework and intricate carvings.

The temple complex is built predominantly of sandstone and marble, structured with multiple spires or shikharas that mimic the radiant cosmic pillar of light symbolised by the Jyotirlinga. Its massive walls and gateways bear sculpted depictions of Hindu deities, mythological tales, and floral motifs. The temple’s sanctum sanctorum houses the main Shiva lingam, enshrined beneath a large shikhara that draws the eyes heavenward. The temple layout adheres to traditional Hindu temple design principles, with an imposing mandapa or assembly hall leading to the garbhagriha or sanctum. The outer halls and corridors accommodate multitudes of pilgrims, emphasizing accessibility and communal worship.

The temple’s coastal location is architecturally significant, achieved by careful stone construction resistant to salt air corrosion and sea winds. The sound of the waves around the temple adds a dynamic aesthetic, enriching the spiritual atmosphere.

Beyond its spiritual and historical significance, Somnath Temple also houses a unique monument that reflects the advanced scientific and geographical knowledge of ancient India: the Baan Stambh or Arrow Pillar, which connects the temple’s sacredness with an extraordinary understanding of Earth’s geography. Dating back to approximately the 6th or 7th century CE, the pillar bears an inscription stating that if one were to draw a straight line due south from Somnath, there would be no landmass until reaching the South Pole or Antarctica. This claim: “there is no hindrance or no piece of land till the South Pole on this path”, has been confirmed by modern geographical knowledge and satellite imaging, making it a stunning testament to the advanced understanding of geography, astronomy, and Earth’s spherical nature held by ancient Indian scholars. This knowledge, inscribed centuries before the advent of modern navigation, points to a rich scientific heritage where spiritual sanctity and empirical observation coexisted. The pillar stands not only as a physical monument but as a symbol of India’s profound legacy in merging cosmic insight with earthly wisdom.

Somnath Temple’s ritual calendar is rich and vibrant, overseen by a dedicated group of priests who maintain continuous worship. Daily worship begins at dawn with the abhisheka, ceremonial bathing of the Shiva lingam with holy water, milk, honey, and bilva leaves, the sacred trifoliate leaves associated with Shiva. Devotees witness elaborate chants of the Vedas alongside the ringing of temple bells and burning of incense.

The temple celebrates all major Shiva festivals with grandeur, especially Mahashivaratri, attracting tens of thousands of devotees who vow fasting, night vigils, and special prayers to honor Shiva’s cosmic dance and benevolence. Other notable observances include Somvati Amavasya or New Moon days falling on Monday and Pradosham, days auspicious for Shiva worship.

Distinctive traditions include pilgrim offerings of coconuts, flowers, and silver bells, and the distributing of prasad or blessed food. Local communities participate actively in festival preparations, processions, and maintenance, highlighting the temple’s role as a shared spiritual and social space.

The journey to Somnath is as much a spiritual pilgrimage as a physical voyage. Located some 400 km from Ahmedabad, the temple is accessible by road, rail, and nearby airports at Diu and Rajkot. Pilgrims often combine visits with other nearby sacred sites in the Saurashtra region.

The town of Prabhas Patan around Somnath is known for its warm hospitality, with countless accommodations, eateries, and shops catering to pilgrims. The experience is enriched by the coastal ambience, sea breeze, and views of the Arabian Sea, making the temple visit soothing and contemplative. Many pilgrims recount tales of healing and peace upon arriving at the temple, reflecting its atmosphere of solemnity mingled with jubilant devotion. Local folklore includes stories of miraculous events, divine interventions, and blessings that have drawn believers for centuries.

Somnath Temple’s significance transcends religion; it has inspired literature, music, and art through ages. Praises of Somnath appear in Bhakti poetry, classical Sanskrit texts, and folk songs, celebrating Shiva’s power, the temple’s sanctity, and the heroic resilience of its custodians. The temple is a cultural symbol of Gujarat and India’s Hindu heritage, frequently invoked in nationalist narratives, especially post-independence, as an emblem of cultural integrity against adversity. Artistic depictions of Somnath adorn paintings, sculptures, and modern media, captivating visitors and devotees alike. The temple’s resilient history and spiritual aura continue to inspire performances, lectures, and pilgrim tales, contributing to the living cultural fabric of the region.

In the present day, Somnath Temple operates under the Shri Somnath Trust, which manages its maintenance, festivals, and visitor amenities. The temple is a major tourist and pilgrimage destination attracting millions annually, boosted by government initiatives to improve infrastructure and global awareness campaigns. Modern restoration efforts utilise advanced conservation techniques, blending heritage preservation with accessibility upgrades. The temple’s security and administration reflect contemporary needs while honoring traditional customs. Somnath’s festivals remain vibrant, incorporating large-scale events coupled with spiritual discourse, outreach, and cultural programs. Besides worship, the temple premises host charitable activities and community services.

The Somnath Temple stands as a luminous sentinel of India’s spiritual heritage: the first Jyotirlinga, a symbol of Shiva’s infinite light, lunar cycles, and divine resilience. Its history embodies the oscillation between destruction and spiritual revival, mirroring the eternal cycles Shiva governs. As the southern gateway of the Jyotirlinga pilgrimage circuit and a beacon for seekers of faith and renewal, Somnath not only enriches the religious landscape but also reflects the enduring cultural soul of India. Its sacred stones, rituals, and stories continue to draw pilgrims and culture lovers, ensuring that the eternal flame of Somnath shines brightly for generations to come.

Recipes: Sev Tamatar ki Sabzi or Sev Tameta nu Shaak

For viewers of Tarak Mehta ka Ulta Chashmah, this recipe will be a familiar one. I ate this a long time ago when I was in school and then used to hear about it in shows and online. I was chatting with a friend the other day and she mentioned she had recently made the dish and I had cravings to make it. This is a fairly easy dish to make and from start to end, will not take more than 20-30 minutes, depending on the quantity you are making.

From the heartlands of Gujarat, this sabzi blends the sweetness and tartness of tomatoes with the crunch of savoury sev. Legend has it that the recipe originated in the kitchen of a Gujarati household, where the homemaker sought to create a delightful dish using the bounty of tomatoes from her garden. Faced with an abundant harvest, she combined tomatoes, spices, and a handful of sev to fashion a dish that was an instant hit with her family and the recipe soon spread like wildfire across the state. Today, this dish is a staple in Gujarati households, for its taste and ease of making from ingredients commonly found in an Indian kitchen. And because this does not use onions or garlic, this can be made even on festive days when you won’t use these ingredients. So let’s start making this yummy dish.

Sev Tameta nu Shaak or Sev Tamatar ki Sabzi

Ingredients:

  • 3 large ripe tomatoes, finely chopped
  • 1 cup sev or fried gram flour vermicelli
  • 2 tbsp oil
  • 1 tsp mustard seeds
  • 1 tsp cumin seeds
  • ¼ tsp asafoetida
  • 1 tbsp ginger and green chilli paste
  • ½ tsp turmeric powder
  • 1 tsp red chilli powder (adjust to taste)
  • 1 tsp coriander powder
  • 1 tsp cumin powder
  • Salt to taste
  • 2 tbsp jaggery or sugar
  • 1 cup water
  • Fresh coriander leaves to garnish

Method:

  • Heat oil in a pan over medium heat. Add mustard seeds, cumin seeds and asafoetida, letting them sizzle for a few seconds.
  • Then add the ginger and chilli paste and let it cook for a few seconds.
  • Add the finely chopped tomatoes to the pan and cook until they turn soft and mushy, stirring occasionally.
  • Reduce the heat to low and add turmeric powder, red chilli powder, coriander powder, cumin powder, and salt. Mix well and cook for 2-3 minutes.
  • Pour in the water and add jaggery or sugar. Stir until the jaggery dissolves completely.
  • Allow the curry to simmer on low heat for 5-7 minutes, allowing the flavours to meld together.
  • Add half the sev to the tomatoes and gently mix to coat the sev with the sauce.
  • Turn off the heat and garnish with fresh coriander leaves.
  • Just before serving, add the balance sev, so that there is still a crunch to the dish and serve hot with roti.

Notes: Don’t use the nylon sev used for bhelpuri and other chaat, instead use the thicker ones. This will mean that the sev does not dissolve in the sabzi and there is a bite. I also like to keep some sev separate so that as you dish it up, you add it as a garnish.

Festivals of India: Tarnetar Mela

One of the best things about India is that there are so many colourful festivals one can witness and be a part of. several colourful and grand festivities. One of the many vibrant, but relatively unknown festivals is the annual Tarnetar Mela which takes place in Sundernagar in the western state of Gujarat. A tiny village about 56 km from Sundernagar, about 76 km from Rajkot and about 176 km from Ahmedabad, the village comes alive during the festival.

Being Saurashtra’s most important fair, the Tarnetar Mela is attended by more than 50,000 people, including the Kolis, Rabaris, Bharwads, Khants, Kanbis, Kathis, Charans, Harijans and the Desh-rabaris. The festival has its roots in the epic Mahabharata, specifically Draupadi’s swayamvar. Swayamvar is a type of marriage mentioned in Hindu history where a woman chose a man as her husband from a group of suitors. The word comes from Sanskrit where Svayam means self and vara means groom. At Draupadi’s swayamvar, the Pandava prince Arjun performed the difficult task of piercing the eye of a rotating fish with an arrow, by only looking at its reflection in the water, after which he won the heart and hand of Draupadi.

The festival’s tradition is believed to have begun about 200 or 250 years ago and is held on the grounds of the temple of Triniteshwar Mahadev, which means the three-eyed God. The old temple that used to stand in Tarnetar is now in ruins, but a new one was built by the Gaekwads of Vadodara in the 19th century during the Solanki era and is now the focal point of the festival. It stands on the bank of a rivulet and opens into a beautiful kund or pond. Inside the temple, there is a Brahma Kund, a Shiva Kund, and a Vishnu Kund and it is believed that taking a plunge in these three water reservoirs is equivalent to taking a dip in the waters of the holy Ganges.

Fast forwarding to today, the three-day festival falls in the Bhadarva Sud or during August and September. This year the festival will take place between 18 to 20 September. The festival is a celebration of tribal Gujarat’s folk dance, music, costume and arts and is centred around young tribal men and women seeking marriage partners.

The Tarnetar Mela covers a large part of the Tarnetar village with a huge number of stalls put up to sell beautiful local handicrafts unavailable elsewhere, along with ethnic jewellery, statues of deities and traditional attire with tiny mirrors embroidered into the clothing. There are also merry-go-round rides, photography stalls, magic shows and tattoo artists who attract a large variety of visitors.

Rabari women from Zalawad, which is close to Tarnetar perform the famous circular folk dance called rahado. Their marital status is indicated clearly by their costumes; a black zimi or skirt means she is married. But if a woman is wearing a red zimi, it means she has not yet tied the knot and is probably seeking a husband. The potential husbands seeking brides are elegantly dressed in colourful dhotis, artistically designed waistcoats and a head-cloth twisted at an angle, moving about the fairground at Tarnetar with striking umbrellas, advertising the bachelorhood they are keen to relinquish.

The Kolis of Saurashtra initiated the custom of embroidering umbrellas, which are exquisitely elaborate in terms of embellishments. The embroidery of each is unique and rises from the edges to the top, with beadwork and patchwork in the design as well. Small colourful handkerchiefs are attached all around the edge, to attract further attention. These men spend over a year embroidering their umbrellas. They intend to entice the girls with their art, clothes, and headgear and impress them so that they can propose to them for marriage. It is not surprising that, before the fair is over, they usually meet the lady of their choice.

At the heart of the Tarnetar Mela lies a unique and heartwarming tradition — the swayamvar. This ancient matchmaking ritual allows young, unmarried women to choose their life partners from a group of eligible bachelors. Eligible men from various communities gather, each hoping to find their soulmate among the bevvy of beautiful women. It’s a sight to behold as the women circulate among the men, engaging in cheerful banter and trying to find a connection that transcends words. As modern influences blend seamlessly with tradition, young participants have the freedom to exchange phone numbers, engage in conversations, and even meet their potential life partners accompanied by their families.

As the dancers surge in waves of circular movement, the incessant throbbing of the drums keeps them moving in unison, and the drum beats continue throughout the day even as the dancers change from one group to the next. Many kinds of folk dances are performed; by far the most popular is the raas, in which dancers hold sticks to clack against those of other dancers. As many as one to two hundred women perform rasadas in a single circle, to the beats of four drums at a time and the tunes ofjodia pavas or the double flutes. One can also see people break out into a spontaneous hudo. Amidst the festivities, the Tarnetar Mela also champions essential social causes. Various NGOs and organisations set up stalls to raise awareness about health, education, and women’s empowerment.

There is music in the air with many bhajan mandalis or music groups and sadhus or holy men singing religious songs, accompanied by folk instruments. But even for those not interested in finding a spouse, the romance and excitement in the air are captivating, and every year the fair seems only to grow in popularity, attracting visitors and tourists from Gujarat, elsewhere in India, and even abroad. At the fair, the many colourful costumes, glittering ornaments and free-spirited movements of folk dances, all combine to create a memorable scene. This is the vibrancy of India that mesmerises visitors and makes them come back.

Travel Bucket List: India – Consolidated List of all States

As I started planning my travel, I started relying on my research for where to go and found it slightly ungainly to search through all the material I have to reach a specific destination. So here’s a consolidated list of all Indian states, in alphabetical order with the cities and towns next to each part which makes it easier to get to the place you are interested in.

Photo by Ravigopal Kesari on Unsplash

Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Part 1 – Introduction and Overview
Part 2 – Port Blair
Part 3 – Corbyn’s Cove Beach, Wandoor Beach, Viper Island, Ross Island, North Bay Island, Red Skin Island, Middle Andaman Island, Long Island, Baratang Island, Parrot Island, North Passage Island, Guitar Island
Part 4 – Aves Island, North Andaman Island, Diglipur, Stewart Island, Ross & Smith Island, Jolly Buoy Island, Havelock Island
Part 5 – Neil Island, South Andaman Island, Rutland Island, Little Andaman Island, Cinque Island, Barren Island, Narcondom Island, Kathchal Island, Campell Bay & Indira Point
Part 6 – Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park, Chidiya Tapu, The Chidiya Tapu Biological Park, Mount Harriet National Park, Saddle Peak National Park, Campbell Bay National Park, Galathea National Park, Middle Button Island National Park, North Button Island National Park, South Button Island National Park

Photo by Gowrisha CV on Unsplash

Andhra Pradesh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Vishakhapatnam
Part 2: Araku Valley, Vizianagaram, Annavaram, Samalkot, Kakinada, Rajahmundry
Part 3: Amaravathi, Vijayawada, Machilipatnam
Part 4: Guntur, Chirala, Nagarjunakonda, Srisailam, Cumbum, Nellore
Part 5: Kurnool, Mantralayam, Gandikota, Tadipatri, Anantapur, Puttaparthi
Part 6: Lepakshi, Horsley Hills, Chittoor, Srikalahasthi, Tirupati

Photo by Mayur More on Unsplash

Arunachal Pradesh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Itanagar, Bhalukpong
Part 2: Bomdila, Tawang
Part 3: Ziro, Yinkiong, Mechuka, Roing, Tirap
Part 4: Khonsa, Changlang, Miao, Anini, Pasighat, Aalo, Daporijo, Anjaw, Tezu

Photo by Nilotpal Kalita on Unsplash

Assam
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Guwahati, Dispur
Part 2: Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Goalpura, Barpeta, Nalbari, Hajo, Sualkuchi
Part 3: Darrang, Mayong and Morigaon, Nagaon, Tezpur, Jorhat
Part 4: Sivasagar, Majuli, Dhemaji, Dibrugarh, Tinsukia, Digboi
Part 5: Sadiya, Haflong, Jatinga, Diphu, Karimganj, Hailakandi, Silchar
Part 6: Raimona National Park, Manas National Park, Orang National Park, Kaziranga National Park, Nameri National Park, Dibru Saikhowa National Park, Dihing Patkai National Park

Photo by ARTO SURAJ on Unsplash

Bihar
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Patna
Part 3: Hajipur, Nalanda
Part 4: Rajgir, Sasaram, Kaimur
Part 5: Bodh Gaya, Vaishali
Part 6: Muzzafarpur, Sitamarhi, Madhubani, Lauriya Nandangarh, Bhagalpur, Valmiki National Park Tiger Reserve and Wildlife Sanctuary

Photo by Ayiman Mohanty on Unsplash

Chhattisgarh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Raipur, Champaran
Part 2: Bhilai, Durg, Rajnandgaon, Chirmiri, Madku Dweep, Bhoramdeo Temple, Guru Ghasidas National Park
Part 3: Achanakmar Tiger Reserve, Bilaspur, Raigarh, Korba, Ambikapur, Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary, Mainpat, Malhar
Part 4: Mahasamund, Sirpur, Rajim, Jagdalpur, Dhamtari, Dhamtari, Dantewada, Kanger Ghati National Park

Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Daman
Part 2: Diu
Part 3: Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Delhi
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, India Gate, Red Fort, Qutub Minar, Jantar Mantar, Rajghat
Part 2: Iron Pillar, National War Memorial, Rajpath, Rashtrapati Bhavan, Agrasen Ki Baoli, Ghalib Ki Haveli, Alai Darwaza/Minar, Bhool Bhulaiya ka Mahal, Purana Qila,
Part 3: Tughlaqabad Fort. Siri Fort, Feroza Kotla Fort, Swaminarayan Akshardham Temple, ISKON Mandir, Birla Temple, Chhatrapur Temple, Kalkaji Temple, Kali Bari Temple, Yogmaya Temple, Sri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir, Lotus Temple
Part 4: Jama Masjid, Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, Fatehpuri Masjid, Jamali Kamali Mosque and Tomb, Nizamuddin Dargah, Humayun’s Tomb, Safdarjung’s Tomb, Isa Khan’s Tomb, Hijron ka Khanqah, Nicholson Cemetery
Part 5: Gurudwara Bangla Sahib, Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib, Rakab Ganj Gurdwara, Sunder Nursery, Lodhi Gardens, Garden of Five Senses, National Rose Garden, Mehrauli Archaeological Park, Pradhanmantri Sangrahalaya, National Museum, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, Rashtrapati Bhavan Museum, Indian War Memorial Museum, National Handicrafts Museum
Part 6: Indira Gandhi Memorial Museum, Sanskriti Museums, Charkha Museum, Sulabh International Museum of Toilets, Shankar’s International Dolls Museum, Museum of Archaeology, National Railway Museum, Museo Camera, National Gallery of Modern Art, Kiran Nadar Museum of Art, Museum of Illusions, National Zoological Park, National Bal Bhavan, Connaught Place, Chandni Chowk, Dilli Haat, Sarojini Market, Lajpat Nagar, Majnu ka Tila, Pragati Maidan

Photo by Sarang Pande on Unsplash

Goa
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: North Goa, Vagator Beach, Anjuna Beach, Calangute Beach, Sinquerim Beach, Candolim Beach, Arambol Beach, Mandrem Beach, Morjim Beach, Miramar Beach, Siridao Beach, Bogdeshwara Temple, Mangeshi Temple, Mahalaxmi Temple, Fort Aguada, Chapora Fort, Reis Magos Fort, Basilica of Bom Jesus, Church of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception, Chapel of St. Catherine, Church of Mae De Deus, Goa State Museum, Houses of Goa Museum, Museum of Christian Art, Casino Palms, Chorao Island, Harvalem Waterfalls
Part 3: South Goa, Butterfly Beach, Betalbatim Beach, Agonda Beach, Mobor Beach, Hollant Beach, Palolem Beach, Cansaulim Beach, Colva Beach, Talpona Beach, Kakolem Beach, Benaulim Beach, Our Lady of Remedios Church, Saviour of the World Church, St. Alex Church, Shantadurga Temple, Tambdi Surla Mahadev Temple, Chandreshwar Bhoothnath Temple, Naval Aviation Museum, Goa Chitra Museum, Big Foot Museum, The Grande Island, Pequeno Island, Bhagwan Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary, Dudhsagar Falls, Bamanbudo Waterfalls, Netravali Bubbling Lake, Cabo de Rama Fort, Chandor

Photo by Parth Kateliya on Unsplash

Gujarat
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Surat, Vapi, Udvada, Valsad, Bilimora, Navsari, Bharuch, Saputara
Part 3: Ahmedabad, Lothal, Vadodara, Anand
Part 4: Gandhinagar, Patan, Mehsana, Palanpur
Part 5: Rajkot, Jamnagar, Dwarka, Porbandar, Junagadh, Bhavnagar, Palitana,
Part 6: Kutch, Bhuj, Mandvi, Rann of Kutch, Anjar

Photo by Sooraj Dev on Unsplash

Haryana
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Gurugram, Manesar, Sohna
Part 2: Faridabad, Nuh, Murthal, Rohtak, Meham
Part 3: Hisar, Panipat, Karnal
Part 4: Kurukshetra, Ambala
Part 5: Panchkula, Morni Hills, Narnaul

Photo by Naman Pandey on Unsplash

Himachal Pradesh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Shimla, Kufri, Fagu, Theog, Hatkoti Valley, Chanshal Valley
Part 2: Chail, Solan, Barog, Nahan, Sirmour, Paonta Sahib, Shoghi, Kasauli, Arki, Nalagarh, Dadasiba, Bilaspur, Dalhousie,
Part 3: Kangra, Khajjiar, Bharmour, Chamba, Tattapani, Jalori Pass, Jibhi, Mandi
Part 4: Trithan Valley, Bhuntar, Sainj Valley, Barot, Bir Billing, Palampur, Kasol, Nagar, Manikaran Sahib, Tosh, Parvati Valley
Part 5: Kullu, Manali, Dharamsala, McLeodganj
Part 6: Keylong, Pin Valley National Park, Spiti Valley, Narkanda, Mashroba, Kinnaur, Sarahan, Sangla Valley, Kalpa, Pangi Valley, Nako

Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Kashmir, Srinagar, Gulmarg, Sonmarg, Pahalgam, Amarnath, Pulwama, Kupwara, Poonch, Anantnag, Baramulla, Dachigam National Park
Part 2: Jammu, Patnitop, Rajouri, Udhampur, Kathua, Katra, Vaishno Devi, Kishtwar
Part 3: Ladakh, Leh, Leh Palace, Thiksey Gompa, Pangong Lake, Magnetic Hill, Nubra Valley and Khardung La Pass, Kargil, Drass, Hemis High Altitude Wildlife Sanctuary, Lamayuru, Lake Tso Moriri

Photo by Aryan Singh on Unsplash

Jharkhand
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Ranchi
Part 2: Hazaribagh, Bokaro Steel City
Part 3: Jamshedpur, Neterhat
Part 4: Dhanbad, Shikarji, Deoghar, Dumka

Karnataka
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Bengaluru
Part 3: Mysuru, Mangalore, Belgaum
Part 4: Hubli-Dharwad, Gulbarga, Bidar, Badami, Bijapur, Hassan, Shimoga, Hampi, Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagarhole National Park, Bandipur National Park, Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary, Jog Falls, Shivanasamudra Falls, Kodasalli Backwater
Part 5: Coorg, Chikmagalur, Sakleshpur, Kudremukh, Kemmanagundi, Kotagiri, Masinagudi, Devarayanadurga, Karwar, Devbagh, Kumta, Netrani Island, Murudeshwar, Maravanthe, St. Mary’s Island, Udipi
Part 6: Udipi, Kollur, Sringeri, Dharmasthala, Horanadu, Talakadu, Belur, Shravanbelagola, Gokarna, Murudeshwar, Koodli, Srirangapatna, Pattadakal, Aihole, Kalasa

Kerala
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Kasaragod, Kannur, Kozhikode
Part 3: Wayanad, Mallapuram, Palakkad
Part 4: Thrissur, Ernakulam, Alappuzha
Part 5: Kottayam, Idukki, Patanamthitta
Part 6: Kollam, Tiruvanathapuram

Photo by Sachin Benny on Unsplash

Lakshadweep Islands
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Aminidivi, Cora Divh, Sesostris Bank, Bassas de Pedro, Cherbaniani Reef, North Islet, Byramgore Reef, Chetlat Island, Bitra Par, Kilthan Island, Kadmat Island, Kadmat Beach, Elikalpeni Bank, Perumal Par, Amini Island
Part 3: Laccadive, Amindivi, Agatti Island, Bangaram, Pakshipitti, Andrott Island, Kavaratti, Kalpeni, Suheli Par
Part 4: Minicoy, Maliku Atoll, Investigator Bank, Viringili

Madhya Pradesh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Bhopal
Part 3: Indore, Ujjain, Alampur
Part 4: Maheshwar, Omkareshwar, Mandu, Burhanpur
Part 5: Chanderi, Shivpuri, Orchha, Khajurao
Part 6: Gwalior, Jabalpur, Bhedaghat, Panchmarhi, Amarkantak, Bandhavgarh National Park, Kanha National Park, Pench National Park

Photo by Raj Rana on Unsplash

Maharashtra
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Mumbai
Part 2: Pune
Part 3: Matheran, Lonavala, Khandala, Rajmachi, Lavasa, Kamshet, Mahabaleshwar, Panchgani, Kaas Plateau, Maval, Bhandardara, Chikhaldara, Bhimashankar
Part 4: Amravati, Aurangabad, Ajanta and Ellora Caves, Lonar, Chiplun, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Nanded, Nashik, Triambakeshwar, Shirdi, Shani Shinganapur, Raigad, Ratnagiri, Satara
Part 5: Dahanu, Alibaug, Kashid, Diveagar, Harihareshwar, Murud, Karade, Ganpatipule, Tarkarli, Vengurla, Tadoba National Park, Bhamragarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandoli National Park, Gugumal National Park, Navegaon National Park, Malvan Marine Sanctuary, Rehekuri Blackbuck Sanctuary

Photo by WAIKHOM JAMES on Unsplash

Manipur
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Imphal
Part 2: Moirang, Tamenglong, Thoubal
Part 3: Chandel, Tengnoupal, Moreh, Kaina, Ukhrul, Mount Koubru, Baruni Hill, Thangjing Hill, Sadu Chiru Waterfall

Photo by Utkarsh B on Unsplash

Meghalaya
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Shillong
Part 3: Mawphlang, Cherrapunji, Nongpoh, Mawsynram
Part 4: Jowai, Mawlynnong, Dawki, Balpakram National Park, Williamnagar, Baghmara, Tura
Part 5: Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills, Garo Hills

Photo by Vanlaldin puia on Unsplash

Mizoram
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Aizwal, Falkawn Village
Part 2: Reiek, Hmuifang, Kolasib, Tamdil or Tam Lake, Mamit, Vantawng Falls, Serchhip
Part 3: Dampa Tiger Reserve, Lunglei, Champhai
Part 4: Murlen National Park, Phawngpui, Phawngpui National Park, Saiha,

Photo by Suraj Jadhav on Unsplash

Nagaland
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Dimapur
Part 2: Kohima
Part 3: Mokokchung, Tuensang, Phek, Mon, Pfutsero

Photo by Ayiman Mohanty on Unsplash

Odisha
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Bhubaneshwar, Dhauli
Part 2: Cuttack, Rayagada, Daringbadi, Berhampur, Jeypore
Part 3: Puri, Baripada, Sambalpur, Rourkela
Part 4: Konark, Paradeep, Gopalpur, Chandipur
Part 5: Lake Chilika, Tikarpada Wildlife Sanctuary, Satkosia Tiger Reserve, Bhitarkanika National Park & Wildlife Sanctuary, Simlipal National Park, Duduma Waterfalls, Chandaka Forest, Kotgarh Elephant Reserve, Karlapat Wildlife Sanctuary

Photo by nullvoid on Unsplash

Puducherry
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Puducherry
Part 2: Karaikal, Mahé, Yanam

Photo by Prerna Sharma on Unsplash

Punjab
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Chandigarh, Sirhind
Part 3: Rupnagar, Patiala
Part 4: Ludhiana, Bhatinda
Part 5: Jalandhar, Kapurthala
Part 6: Pathankot, Amritsar

Rajasthan
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Jaipur, Udaipur
Part 2: Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Sawai Madhopur, Pushkar

Photo by Apurba Nag on Unsplash

Sikkim
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Gangtok
Part 3: Tinkitam Rayong, Namchi, Barsey Rhododendron Sanctuary, Kabi Longstok, Tendong Hill, Aritar, Zuluk, Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary, Pelling, Yuksom, Ravangla
Part 4: Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary, Geyzing, Yangtey, Borong, Mangan, Chopta Valley, Lachung, Lachen, Yumthang Valley, Thangu Valley, Gurudongmar Lake, Cholamu Lake, Shingba Rhododendron Sanctuary, Khangchendzonga National Park, Fambong Lho Wildlife Sanctuary, Goecha La

Tamil Nadu
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Chennai
Part 2: Coimbatore, Tiruchirappalli, Tiruppur, Tirunelveli
Part 3: Ooty, Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Coonoor, Yelagiri, Bellikkal
Part 4: Kanchipuram, Tiruvannamalai, Chidambaram, Vaitheeshwaran Kovil,
Part 5: Kumbakonam, Thanjavur, Swamimalai, Rameshwaram, Madurai
Part 6: Mahabalipuram, Kanyakumari, Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Hogenakkal Falls, Kutralam Falls

Photo by Aman Upadhyay on Unsplash

Telangana
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Hyderabad Part 1
Part 2: Hyderabad Part 2
Part 3: Secunderabad
Part 4: Warangal, Nizamabad
Part 5: Khammam, Karimnagar, Adilabad, Mahbubnagar, Medak
Part 6: Nalgonda, Bhadrachalam, Koti Linga, Somasila, Vemulawada

Photo by Sourav Debnath on Unsplash

Tripura
Part 1: Introduction and Overview
Part 2: Agartala
Part 3: Kailashahar, Unakoti, Udaipur, Ambassa, Pilak Archaeological Sites, Chabimura, Mahamuni Pagoda, Manubankul, Buddhist Stupa, Boxanagar
Part 4: Baramura Eco Park, Kalapania Nature Park, Tepania Eco Park, Khumulwang Eco Park, Jampui Hills, Dumboor Lake, Dhalai, Rudrasagar Lake, Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary & Clouded Leopard National Park, Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajbari National Park, Rowa Wildlife Sanctuary, Gomati Wildlife Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Noida, Loni, Ghaziabad, Meerut, Muzzafarnagar
Part 2: Hastinapur, Vrindavan, Mathura
Part 3: Fatehpur Sikri, Agra, Garhmukteshwar
Part 4: Aligarh, Firozabad, Jhansi, Piilbhit, Bithoor, Naimisharanya
Part 5: Kanpur, Lucknow
Part 6: Ayodhya, Sravasti, Prayagraj
Part 7: Chitrakoot, Vindhyachal, Varanasi, Sarnath, Kushinagar

Photo by Akshay syal on Unsplash

Uttarakhand
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Dehradun
Part 2: Mussoorie, Dhanaulti
Part 3: Auli, Joshimath, Chopta, Tungnath, Ukhimath, Lansdowne, Nainital
Part 4: Sattal, Bhimtal, Naukuchiatal, Kausani, Ranikhet, Almora, Binsar, Jalna, Kasar Devi, Jageshwar, Champawat, Munsiyari, Pithorgarh
Part 5: Bageshwar, Chamoli, Mana, Badrinath, Pandukeshwar, Hemkund Sahib, Kedarnath, Gomukh, Madhyamaheshwar, Gangotri, Gauri Kund, Yamunotri
Part 6: Rudranath, Guptakashi, Nandprayag, Rudraprayag, Devprayag, Rishikesh, Haridwar, Roopkund Lake, Nelong Valley, Gangotri National Park, Kedarnath Wild Life Sanctuary, Valley of Flowers, Nanda Devi National Park, Govind Pashu Vihar Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajaji National Park, Jim Corbett National Park

Photo by Nitish Narayan on Unsplash

West Bengal
Part 1: Introduction and Overview, Kolkata
Part 2: Howrah, Barrackpore, Chandan Nagar, Chinsurah, Bardhaman, Haldia, Midnapore
Part 3: Shantiniketan, Durgapur, Jhargram, Asansol, Murshidabad, Mukutmanipur, Malda, Siliguri, Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar, Bagdogra
Part 4: Kurseong, Mirik, Darjeeling, Tinchuley, Dooars, Kalimpong
Part 5: Rishyap, Lava and Lolegaon, Buxa Tiger Reserve, Rajabhatkawa, Jaldapara National Park, Jaldhaka, Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary, Gorumara National Park, Neora Valley National Park, Lataguri, Purulia, Sonajhuri Forest, Deulti, Sundarbans, Mayapur, Nabadwipa, Bakreswar
Part 6: Bankura, Bishnupur, Jayrambati, Kamarpukur, Tarapith, Falta, Raichak, Taki, Piyali Island, Machranga Dwip, Kakdwip, Mousuni Island, Bakkhali, Junput, Mandarmani, Tajpur, Shankarpur